藉由新傳播科技的發展，公民得以從網路獲取新知、搜尋新聞，甚至發佈、傳散自己所產製的新聞內容。許多人認為公民新聞的出現，似乎為惡劣的媒體環境帶來一道曙光，然而不容否認的是，媒體依舊必須承受由業主所施加的經濟壓力，許多媒體的作業流程背後，依然有一隻看不見的經濟之手在掌控。本研究探究台灣新聞網站之公民參與模式，並以政治經濟學的角度檢視新聞網站的公民參與機制設計如何受到政治經濟因素的影響。
本研究首先透過國內新聞網站的資料分析，檢視傳統新聞網站與公民新聞網站的公民參與機制，並藉由深度訪談各類型網站的網站主管，來釐清相關機制所涉及的政治經濟因素。研究發現，依照公民參與程度由低到高的順序分析，隨著參與程度的層級升高，公民新聞網站所提供的服務相對比較完全，而傳統媒體新聞網站所提供的機制相對減少。探究其原因，可以察覺新聞網站主管在建構公民參與機制時考量到的因素至少包含刺激網站流量、鞏固利基網路社群、建立品牌忠誠度、方便新聞取材與成本考量等。公民參與對新聞運作流程的影響仍屬有限，守門人機制亦依然普遍存在於新聞產製流程當中。

With the rapid development of internet technology, citizens are greatly empowered in acquiring knowledge, searching for information, and even diffusing the news they create. Though some people agree that citizen journalism is a solution for Taiwan’s harsh media environment, news agencies still need to bear the economic pressures exerted by the owners. The news generation process is still manipulated by economic logic. The main research subject of this study is the citizen participation model in Taiwan's news websites. Also, the covert motives of news websites’ decision-makers when designing citizen participation mechanisms are examined from the perspectives of political economy.

The study surveys the citizen participation models in Taiwan's legacy news websites and citizen news websites. In-depth interviews of website decision makers are utilized also to understand how political economic factors affect citizen participation. The results of the study indicate that when the level of citizen participation increases the service functions to citizens offered by citizen news websites are more complete compared to the traditional news websites which have less to offer. The reason for this finding is that when constructing citizen participation mechanisms website decision makers also consider political economic factors including stimulating website traffic, strengthening niche online communities, building brand loyalty and management, and remaining competitive. The effect of citizen participation on the news operation process is relatively limited, and the gatekeeper theory still holds true in the news generation process.

第一章　緒論 1
第一節　研究背景與研究動機 ............1
第二節　研究問題.................................................... 8
第二章　文獻探討 9
第一節　參與式新聞.................................................. 9
　 壹、公民新聞網站的公民參與 ....................................12
　 貳、傳統媒體網站的公民參與 ....................................16
第二節　參與式新聞的政治經濟學分析.................................21
壹、傳播政治經濟學的理論與研究取向.............................21
貳、參與式新聞的政治經濟學意涵.................................27
第三節 研究架構...................................................35
第三章　研究方法 37
第一節　新聞網站公民參與模式分析...................................37
第二節　質性訪談...................................................40
壹、受訪者的選擇...............................................41
貳、訪談時程...................................................42
第四章　研究發現...................................................46
第一節　網站機制分析...............................................46
第二節　訪談資料分析...............................................52
壹、政經因素對傳統媒體新聞網站公民參與機制之影響...............52
一、帶動網站點閱率.........................................52
二、增加採訪面以便取材.....................................54
三、培養長期讀者群.........................................56
四、評估風險考量成本.......................................57
五、創新機制培養讀者粉絲...................................59
六、與廣告主的應對.........................................61
七、媒體與讀者的立場考量...................................63
八、全民參與媒體近用............. ..........................65
貳、政經因素對公民新聞網站公民參與機制之影響...................68
一、顧慮流量以傳播資訊.....................................68
二、品牌好分享機率高.......................................69
三、新聞取材仍有顧慮.......................................71
四、提供平台落實賦權.......................................73
五、堅持初衷維護公信力.....................................75
参、兩種網站如何受到政經因素影響的同異.........................78
一、公民新聞的使用牽涉法律議題.............................78
二、公民與傳統新聞競合的想像...............................80
三、具體合作的考量.........................................83
四、所有權之影響...........................................86
第五章　結論.......................................................87
第一節　研究結論...................................................87
第二節　研究貢獻...................................................91
第三節　研究限制與建議.............................................93
參考文獻...........................................................95



圖次
圖一：由上而下的新聞模式............................................10
圖二：由下而上的新聞模式............................................11
圖三：本研究架構圖..................................................36


表次
表一、新聞產製流程表...............................................18
表二、公民參與模式分析表...........................................19
表三、網站機制對照表...............................................38
表四、台灣公民新聞網站整理.........................................39
表五、受訪新聞網站.................................................42
表六、受訪者資料表.................................................45
表七、網站機制分類表...............................................51

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