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博碩士論文 etd-0426121-164731 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0426121-164731
論文名稱
Title
分析品管圈改善病理組織切片不良率與診斷時效之成效
Analyze the Effectiveness of Quality Control Circle in Improving Defect Rate of Histopathological Tissue Sections and Diagnosis Timeliness
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
53
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2021-04-22
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2021-05-26
關鍵字
Keywords
品管圈、品質管理、組織切片、H&E染色、個案研究
quality control circle, quality management, histopathological sections, disease diagnosis, case study
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 109 次,被下載 22
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 109 times, has been downloaded 22 times.
中文摘要
研究目的:品管圈(Quality Control Circle, QCC)為台灣各醫療院所實施全面品質管理(Total Quality Management, TQM)的品質改善方法之一。歸納國內醫療產業之品管圈相關文獻,可分為兩個類型:(一)評估醫院推行品管圈的方法與活動本身;(二)品管圈應用於特定主題之效果確認。儘管研究結果幾乎都能達成目標設定,卻鮮少針對效果不彰的可能原因加以分析。因此,在特定主題之醫療相關品管圈成效可能受到的限制及其意涵,是一個亟需更多研究投入的議題。本研究即是探討組織切片不良率與診斷時效於品管圈介入前後之變化。

研究方法及對象:本研究於2019年3月至2020年2月期間,觀察台灣南部某醫學中心組織病理科,導入品管圈活動改善「病理組織切片不良率」之成效,由9位圈員組成品管行動小組後,如何以循環式品質管理(Plan-Do-Check-Act, PDCA)分別對應至十項步驟,配合品管七大手法(Seven Basic Tools of Quality),具體應用於優化組織病理學檢查服務品質。以雙樣本比例檢定、成對樣本之平均值檢定及柏拉圖分析品管圈介入後的成效。

實證分析:品管圈活動可大幅提升成員品管意識,並改善技術相關的切片不良率與小件病理報告時效。人員相關因素導致的不良率與大件病理報告時效,並未獲改善。作業流程標準化及繼續教育等對策介入則可以有效減少技術原因導致的切片重製數量。究其原因,除了人員本身因素,還可能與疾病之不確定性與病徵複雜度有關,此為品管圈活動不易掌控的外部因素。

結論:品管圈改善了病理切片技術相關之不良率、診斷時效及成員品管意識。整體切片不良率未獲改善的主因為人員因素及外部因素,難以透過提升技術而克服,建議可針對服務流程中不易標準化及量化的部分進行改善,例如:提供客製化切片服務或加強優良切片定義認知。醫療產業在追求服務品質提升的過程,較製造業更加困難,無法輸出標準規格之產品,服務品質也難以量化衡量。本文提供具體案例並進行深入分析,可做為未來醫療產業引用品管圈之參考。
Abstract
Aim of study:
Quality control circle (QCC) is one of the methods for total quality management (TQM) implemented in healthcare industry in Taiwan. QCCs adopted by healthcare industry in Taiwan could be divided into two groups in the literature: (1) Evaluation of the effect of QCC implementation in hospitals; (2) The result of QCC on specific topic. Most of the set goals of quality improvement could be achieved through QCCs in the reviewed studies, but the factors leading to ineffectiveness is least analyzed. More investigations are still needed for clarifying the limitations of QCCs on specific topics in healthcare industry. This study examines the effects of introducing a QCC on the defect rates of histopathological sections and timeliness of diagnosis.

Method:
The study started from March 2019 till February 2020. We set up a team with nine members in the Department of Histological Pathology of a medical center in southern Taiwan to work on quality improvement of histopathological sections with QCC intervention methods as Plan-Do-Check-Action (PDCA) and Seven Basic Tools of Quality. Two-sample test of proportions, paired sample t-test, and Pareto analysis were used to examine QCC effects.

Result:
The study showed that QCC intervention increased the awareness of quality control of team members, shortened the timeliness of diagnosis in small specimens (simple cases), and decreased skill-related defect rates. The strategies including standard operating procedure and continuing education decreased the amount of skill-related defect rates significantly. The timeliness of diagnoses in large specimens (complex cases) and human-related defect rates were not improved. Aside from personal factors, the reason may be complexity and uncertainty of the disease, which were uncontrollable external factors in QCC.

Conclusion:
The QCC can decrease the skill-related defect rates of histopathological sections, shorten the timeliness of diagnosis in small specimens and increase awareness of quality control. However, the overall defect rates did not decrease. And effectiveness-check in QCC disclosed that human-related factors and diversity of the specimen might be the reason, which could not be overcome by skill improvement. The recommendation will focus on specificity and accuracy in the laboratory process. In summary, the process of pursuing quality improvement in healthcare industry is more difficult and complex than in the manufacturing industry, as it is variable, unmeasurable, and uncertain in healthcare industry. This study can provide a template for continuous quality improvement in healthcare industry in the future.
目次 Table of Contents
學位論文審定書 i
致謝 ii
中文摘要 iii
英文摘要 iv
目錄 v
圖 次 vi
表 次 vii
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
第一節 全面品質管理的演進 3
第二節 品管圈的概念及沿革 5
第三節 品管圈於醫療產業的發展 8
第四節 實驗室品質管理與病理診斷 9
第三章 研究設計 14
第一節 個案背景 14
第二節 品管圈十項步驟及品管七大手法 17
第三節 資料分析 19
第四節 品管圈於個案實驗室進行之活動內容 21
第四章 實證分析 27
第一節 品管圈效果確認 27
第二節 附加效益 33
第五章 結論與建議 34
第一節 研究討論 34
第二節 研究限制 36
第三節 結論 37
參考文獻 38
附件 41-44
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