論文使用權限 Thesis access permission:自定論文開放時間 user define
開放時間 Available:
校內 Campus: 已公開 available
校外 Off-campus: 已公開 available
論文名稱 Title |
家族企業高階領導風格、授權賦能與組織政治氣候之關聯性探討 An Exploration of the Relationship among Top Executive Leadership, Empowerment, and Organizational Politics Climate in Family Firms |
||
系所名稱 Department |
|||
畢業學年期 Year, semester |
語文別 Language |
||
學位類別 Degree |
頁數 Number of pages |
136 |
|
研究生 Author |
|||
指導教授 Advisor |
|||
召集委員 Convenor |
|||
口試委員 Advisory Committee |
|||
口試日期 Date of Exam |
2021-05-21 |
繳交日期 Date of Submission |
2021-07-07 |
關鍵字 Keywords |
家族治理、賦權、華人領導理論、差序格局、組織政治 family governance, empowerment, Chinese leadership theory, pattern of difference sequence, organizational politics |
||
統計 Statistics |
本論文已被瀏覽 390 次,被下載 6 次 The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 390 times, has been downloaded 6 times. |
中文摘要 |
本研究從領導權變理論和新型華人領導理論切入,運用質化方法探討家族企業高階領導風格與授權賦能對組織政治氣候的影響。綜觀過去研究,家族企業仍主要以威權型態與集權管理方式治理公司,且華人社會普遍受到儒家文化父權主義的影響,因而以人治文化的領導方式呈現。隨著大時代演變新管理思潮崛起,現代領導思維推行授權賦能,分層賦權員工參與策略擘劃並享有權力自主大幅提升組織決策與執行效能,對比過去家族企業最為人詬病的中央集權管理,本研究探討權力分配動態與二者衝突的背景,以及在此情境下華人家族企業的差序格局所構築出組織政治氣候的關聯性。 本研究採用參與觀察與深度訪談法,以家族企業高階領導者與中階主管作為主要訪談對象,行業別包括傳統製造業與高科技業,藉以進行研究對照。實證結果顯示,家族高階成員掌握決策圈以集權為主,授權賦能較低,高階領導者偏向採用高壓式、權威式與協調式領導,且視情境差異調整領導方式。家族企業高階主管受到家族決策干擾,在集權與決策多頭馬車下容易形成組織政治氣候,導致在權力分配與利益共享中具有防衛性的情結。 |
Abstract |
This study is based on the contingency theory of leadership and new Chinese leadership theory, which discusses the influence of high-level leadership style and authorization empowerment on the political climate of family firms by qualitative method. In the past, family firms controlled the company mainly by authoritarian and centralized management. In addition, Chinese society is generally influenced by patriarchism and Confucian culture, which resulted in the human governance culture leadership. By new managerial trend in the great era, modern leadership thinking promotes empowerment, which let employees participate in strategic planning, as well as enhance their power on decision-making and execution efficiency. Comparing with the most criticized centralization in past family firms, this study explores the background between dynamic power allocation and conflict, as well as the relationship constructed by the different sequence of the organizational political climate in Chinese family firms. This study adopts participating observation and in-depth interview method. High-level leaders and middle-level managers are the main interviewees of family firms. They are from traditional and high-tech manufacturing industries to conduct the research and comparison. The empirical results show that the decision-making circle of in high-level family members is quite centralized, and the authorized implementation is relatively low. High-level leaders tend to adopt high-pressure, authoritative, and coordinated leadership, and adjust the leadership mode according to various situations. The high-level managers in family firms are easier to be influenced by family decision-making. Under centralized power and hydra-headed, they are easy to generate political climate of defensive complex in the power allocation and benefit sharing of family firms. |
目次 Table of Contents |
論文審定書 i 誌謝 ii 摘 要 iii Abstract iv 圖 次 vii 表 次 vii 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 研究目的 4 第三節 研究流程 5 第二章 文獻探討 6 第一節 家族企業 6 第二節 領導學發展與型態 12 第三節 授權賦能 33 第四節 組織政治氣候 41 第三章 研究設計 46 第一節 研究架構 46 第二節 研究對象 47 第三節 研究方法 48 第四章 實證發現 54 第一節 家族企業之高階權力分配動態 54 第二節 家族企業高階領導風格對授權賦能的影響 56 第三節 家族企業高階領導風格與授權賦能對組織政治氣候的影響 64 第四節 其他研究發現 71 第伍章 結論與討論 75 第一節 研究結論 75 第二節 研究意涵 79 第三節 研究限制與未來研究方向 81 參考文獻 82 一、中文 82 二、英文 86 三、網路 92 附錄一 論文訪談邀請函 94 附錄二 訪談紀錄表 95 |
參考文獻 References |
一、中文 天下雜誌(1991)。成長中的難題·中階人才荒。臺北:天下雜誌社。 王信欽(2013)。家族企業之家長是共治對組織氣候之影響:迦賢塗裝科技公司個案研究。國立台南大學經營與管理科技管理碩士班碩士論文。 王琬珺( 2014)。家族企業接班人領導風格及情緒管理對員工組織認同影響之研究 以南部某家族企業為例。國立中正大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。 王毓芳(2008)。主管授權賦能領導行為對部屬工作績效的影響。國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士在職專班碩士論文。 吳東儒(2014)。臺灣家族企業管理者關係類型與領導行為之研究。國立中山大學企業管理學系博士論文。 吳湘繁,關浩光,馬潔(2015)。員工為什麼熱衷於構建職場關係網絡—基於特質激發理論的實證研究。外國經濟與管理,37(6), 50-63。 李敏玲(2016)。組織結構、授權程度、組織承諾與工作績效的關係之研究。東海大學高階經營管理碩士在職專班碩士學位論文。 李清芬、李雅婷、趙慕芬和譯(1994)。組織行為學。6th,華泰出版。 周婉茹、鄭伯壎(2014)。團隊中的差別對待:角色分化下的分隔與激勵效果。 人力資源管理學報,14卷,4期。 周榮輝(譯) (1995)。Jeffe. D著。家族企業:解讀、體驗、求生、應變。臺北:商周文化。 於海琴,敬鵬飛,王宗怡,方雨果(2016)。是什麼讓高校教師產生工作疏離感-基於5所大學優勢學科實驗室的調查研究。高等教育研究,37(1) ,57-63。 林佳蓉(2013)。德行領導對情感性承諾及工作績效間之相關研究-工作不安全感的調節效用。國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。 林佳慧(2010)。組織變革知覺、正向心理資本對變革承諾之跨層次分析-以組織政治氣候知覺為幹擾變項。國立臺南大學行政管理學系碩士論文。 林明村(2001) 。直屬主管之差序格局對領導行為與領導效能影響之研究。中山大學人力資源管理研究所。未發表之碩士論文。 林麗娟(2006)。健保局員工工作壓力、領導型態、人格特質與工作績效關係之研究。國立成功大學企業管理研究所碩士論文,台南。 邱晏麟(2008) 。團隊賦權氣候與自我領導能力對服務績效與醫療服務滿意度影響研究─工作滿意度之仲介角色。國立彰化師範大學工業教育與技術學系博士論文。 施達郎(1987)。儒家倫理與權威管理。中國式管理研討會(香港)的口頭報告論文。 洪慧娟(2020)。高職進修學校導師職場性靈、轉型領導與班級氣氛關係之研究。國立中山大學學人力資源管理所碩士論文。 胡緒邦(2013)。家族企業內部之權力、關係(Guanxi)及影響力(Influence Tactics)之研究。義守大學管理學院管理碩士在職專班碩士論文。 徐瑋伶(2004)。華人企業領導者之差序管理:海峽兩岸企業組織之分析。國立台灣大學心理系研討會演講論文。 徐瑋伶、鄭伯壎、郭建志、胡秀華(2006)。差序式領導。鄭伯壎、姜定宇主編。華人組織行為:議題、作法及出版。臺北:華泰文化。 秦夢群(1999)。教育行政-理論。臺北:五南。 高承恕(1990)。中國企業的社會制度基礎。台中:東海大學社會學研究所東亞社會發展研究中心。 商業週刊(1990)。「中型企業的死亡陷阱」。 康樂編譯(1989)。支配的類型。臺北:遠流出版公司。Weber, M, Economy and Society, part 1, ch. Ill, "The Type of Le-gitimate Domination;” Berkeley, 1978. 張文隆(2010)。賦權:當責式管理的延伸實踐,商周出版。 張明輝 (1997)。學校組織的變革與領導.學校教育革新專輯。21-38。臺北:國立師範大學。 梁明輝,易淩峰(2002)。組織政治氛圍對員工疏離感的影響:自我決定動機的仲介作用。心理科學 Journal of psychological Science 2018,41(2):397-402。 許士軍(1986)。家族與企業。臺北:天下雜誌。 許士軍、陳光中 (1989)。臺灣家族企業發展與家族結構關係。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究。 陳序維(2002)。組織政治知覺與組織公平對組織承諾之關係研究-以某公營為例。國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。 陳佳伶(譯) (2018)。丹尼爾.高曼Daniel Goleman著。高EQ影響力。天下文化。 陳其南(1990)。中國人的家族與企業經營」。文崇一丶蕭新煌合編。中國人觀念與行為。臺北:巨流圖書公司。 陳明璋(1984)。家族企業如何邁向經營現代化。臺北:天下雜誌。 陳慧娥(1993),台灣家族企業傳承類型之硏究。中壢:私立中原大學企業管理硏究所碩士論文。 陳學鼎(2015)。組織政治行為對工作績效之影響-以主管領導風格為幹擾變項。國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。 陳禮林,楊東濤(2013)。組織政治認知與工作疏離感:職業價值觀的調節作用。現代管理科學,7, 6-8, 48。 彭杏珠(1994)。企業接班承傳帶出三角關係一少主上臺,老臣丶新貴權位大搬風。臺北:商業週刊。 曾筠築(2020)。轉型領導對工作績效、離職傾向之影響-部屬使命感的調節角色。國立中山大學學人力資源管理所碩士論文。 費孝通(1948)。鄉土中國。人民出版社。上海。 黃光國(1990)。中國式家族企業的現代化。中國人的權力遊戲。臺北:巨流圖書公司,233-72。 黃光國(2005)。華人關係主義的理論建構。楊國樞、黃光國、楊中芳。華人本土心理學。臺北:遠流出版公司。 黃俊憲(2016)。差序式領導與部屬情緒及情感性信任之關係以德行領導為調節變項。崑山科技大學企業管理系碩士論文。 黃煥榮(1995)。組織中潛在權利和權力運用-結構層面與行爲層面之探討。法政學報,3,47-64。 楊國樞(1993)。中國人的社會取向:社會互動的觀點。中國人的心理與行為 --理論及方法篇,87 -142。台北:桂冠圖書公司。 遊逸風(2002)。轉換型領導之研究-以成功領導者為例。國立政治大學企業管理學系未出版論文。 劉錫濱(2007)。領導風格、員工人格特質與工作投入、員工績效之關聯性研究-以電子產業為例。元智大學管理研究所碩士論文。 樊景立,鄭伯壎(2000)。華人組織的家長式領導:一項文化觀點的分析,本土心理學研究,13 期:127-130。 鄭伯壎(1992)。家長權威與領導行為初探。中國人的心理與行為科際學術硏討會論文集。臺北:中央硏究院民族學研究所,。 鄭伯壎(1995b)。差序格局與華人組織行為。本土心理學研究,3 期:142-219。 鄭伯壎(2005)。華人領導: 理論與實際。台北:桂冠圖書。 鄭伯壎、周麗芳、樊景立(2000)。家長式領導:三元模式的建構與測量。本土心理學研究,14 期:3-64。 鄭伯壎、莊仲仁(1981)。基層軍事幹部有效領導之因素分析:領導績效、領導角色與領導行為的關係。中華心理學刊,23 卷2 期:97-106。 鄭伯壎、黃淑萍(2004)。華人企業組織中的領導:一項文化價值的分析。中山管理評論,8 卷4 期:583-617。 薑定宇、張菀真(2010)。華人差序式領導與部屬效能本土心理學研究,第33 期 。 謝文全(1988)。教育行政-理論與實務,臺北:文景。 嚴奇峰(1992)丙。心理定位理論-國民性格探討及其在管理上的涵義。臺北:行政院國家科學委員會專題研究。 嚴奇峰(1992)甲。儒家意識型態對中國人性格的影響一命題系統及其在管理上的涵義。第一屆管理與哲學研討會論文集。中壢:中央大學哲學硏究所,177-206。 嚴奇峰(1996)。台灣家族企業組織成長問題之研究-社會文化基礎與自發性規模抑制現象。中山管理評論。vol.2卷 , p.55-68。 嚴奇峰(1996)。臺灣家族企業之文化與結構關係研究:雙元系統模型及相關管理問題。中原學報,24 卷,4 期,1-9 頁。 嚴奇峰及李建勳(1992)。傳統家族企業之文化與結構關係硏究-極端共存系統現象之探討」。中原學報,第廿一卷。中壢:中原大學223-33。 二、英文 Bandura, A. (1977a). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Barker, A. M., & Young, C. E. (1998). Transformational leadership: The feminist connection in postmodern organization. New York: Lippincott. Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Collier Macmillan. Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (Eds.). (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Sage. Bennis, W. G., & Nanus, B. (1985). Leaders: The Strategies for Taking Charge. New York: Harper & Row. Blanchard, K., Carlos, J., & Randolph, A. (1996). Empowerment takes more than a minute. San Francisco: Berrett- Koehler. Blanchard, K., Carlos, J., & Randolph, A. (1996). Empowerment takes more than a minute. San Francisco: Berrett- Koehler. Bryman, A. (1992). Charisma and leadership in organizations. Sage Pubns. Burns,J.H.(1978). Leadership, New York: Harper & Row. Christiansen, N., Villanova, P., & Mikulay, S. (1997). Political influence compatibility: Fitting the person to the climate. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 18(6), 709-730. Cropanzano R., Howes J. C., Grandey A. A.,(1997), The Relationship of Organizational Politics and Support to Work Behaviors, Attitudes, and Stress, Journal of Organizational Behavior,Vol.18, 159-180. Dansereau Jr, F., Graen, G., & Haga, W. J. (1975). A vertical dyad linkage approach to leadership within formal organizations: A longitudinal investigation of the role making process. Organizational behavior and human performance, 13(1), 46-78. Davis, T. R. V. & Luthans, F. (1980). A social learning approach to organizational behavior. Academy of Management Review, 13: 471-482. De Clercq, D., & Belausteguigoitia, I. (in press). Mitigating the negative effect of perceived organizational politics on organizational citizenship behavior:Moderating roles of contextual and personal resources. Journal of Management and Organization. Deyo,F.O. 1978. Local foremen in multinational enterprise:A comparative case study of supervisory role-tension in western and Chinese factories of Singapore. The Journal of Management Studise, 15:308-317. Downton, J. V. (1973). Rebel leadership: Commitment and charisma in the revolutionary process. Free Press. Drory, A. & Romm, T. (1990). The definition of organizational politics. A review. Human Relations, 43(11), 1133-1154. Drory, T. Room What organizational politics is organization members’ perception Organizational Studies, 9 (1988), pp. 165-179 Farh, J.L., Tsui, A.S., Xin, K., & Cheng, B.S. 1998. The influence of relational demography and guanxi: The Chinese case. Organization Science, 9(4):471-488. Farh,J.L. & Cheng,B.S. 2000. A cultural analysis of paternalistic leadership in Chinese organization. In A.S. Tsui and J.T. Li(Eds.) Management and organizations in Chinese context. London: McMillam.13 Ferris, Fedor, Chachere, Pondy, ( 1989 ) , Myths and politics in organizational contexts, Group and Organizational Studies, Vol.14, 88-103. Ferris, G. R., & Kacmar, K. M. (1992). Perceptions of organizational politics. Journal of management, 18(1), 93-116. Ferris, G.R. & Judge, T.A. (1991). Personnel/Human Resources Management: A Political Influence. Journal of Management, 17(2), 447-488. Ferris, G.R., Frink, D.D., Bhawuk, D.P.S., Zhou, J., & Gilmore, D.C. (1996a) Reactions of diverse groups to politics in the workplace. Journal of Management, 22(1), 23-44. Ferris, G.R., Russ, G.S. & Fandt, P.M. (1989). Politics in Organizations. In R. A. Giacalone & P. Rosenfeld (Ed.) Impression Management in the Organization. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Fiedler, F. E. (1967). A theory of leadership effectiveness. New York: McGraw-Hill. Gandz J. & Murray, V.V. (1980). The experience of workplace politics. Academy of Management Journal, 23(2), 237-251. Hammuda, I. & Dulaimi, M. F. (1997). The theory and application of empowerment in construction: a comparative study of the different approaches to empowerment in construction, services, and manufacturing industries. International Journal of Project Management. 15(5): 289-296. Hegyvary, S. T. (2003). Understanding organizational, political, and personal power. In B. L. Marquis & C. J. Huston (Eds.), Leadership roles and management functions in nursing theory and application (5th ed., pp.303-306). New York: Lippincott. Hersey, P., Blanchard, K. H. & Johnson, D. E. (1996), Management of House, R. J. (1971). A path goal theory of effectiveness. Administrative Science Quarterly, 16, 321-338. Hu, H. H. (胡秀華, Hsu, W. L. 徐瑋伶 & Cheng, B. S.鄭伯壎 ) (2004). The reward allocation decision of the Chinese manager: Influences of employee ca theorization and allocation situation. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 7(2), 221 221. Hwang, K. K. (1987). Face and favor: the Chinese power game. American Journal of Sociology, 92: 944-974. J.A. Conger and R.N. Kanungo, ""Behavioral Dimensions of Charismatic Leadership,"" J.A. Conger and R.N. Kanungo, Charismatic Leadership (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1988), p.91. Jeffrey Pfeffer and John F. Veiga. Putting People First for Organizational Success. Vol. 13, No. 2, Themes: Technology, Rewards, and Commitment (May 1999), pp. 37-48. Kacmar K.M., Baron R. A. (1999), Organizational Politics: The State of Field, Links to Related Processes, and an Agenda for Future Research, Research in Personnel and Human Resources management, Vol.17, 1~39. Kacmar, K.M. & Carlson, D.S. (1994). Further Validation of the Perceptions of Politics scale POPS: A multiple Sample Investigation. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management, Dallas, Texas. Kacmar, K.M. & Ferris, G.R. (1993). Politics at Work: Sharpening the Focus of Political Behavior in Organizations. Business Horizons, 36(4), 70-74. Kanter, R. M. (1979). Power failure in management circuits.155 Harvard Business Review, 57, 65-75. Kanter, R. M. (1993). Men and women of the corporation. New York: Basic Books. Kasser, T., & Ryan, R. M. (1996). Further examining the American dream: Differential correlates of intrinsic and extrinsic goals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22(3), 280-287. Kaya, N., Aydin, S., & Ongun, G. (2016). The impacts of servant leadership and organizational politics on burnout: A research among mid-level managers. International Journal of Business Administration, 7(2), 26-32. Kiewitz, C., Hochwarter, W. A., Ferris, G. R., & Castro, S. L. (2002). The role of psychological climate in neutralizing the effects of organizational politics on work outcomes. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32(6), 1189-1207. King, A.Y. 1991. Kuan-his and network building: A sociological interpretation. Daedalus, 20: 63-84. Kotter, J.P. 1990. A force for change: How leadership differs from management. New York: Free Press. Kuokkanen, L., & Leino-Kilpi, H. (2002). Power and empowerment in nursing: Three theoretical approaches. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 31(1): 235-241. Landells, E., & Albrecht, S. L. (2013). Organizational political climate: Shared perceptions about the building and use of power bases. Human Resource Management Review, 23(4), 357-365. Lau, P. Y. Y., Tong, J. L. Y. T., Lien, B. Y. H., Hsu, Y. C., & Chong, C. L. (2017). Ethical work climate, employee commitment and proactive customer service performance: Test of the mediating effects of organizational politics. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 35, 20-26. Liang, T., & Wang, Y. (2016). Organizational silence in state-owned enterprises: Intermediary role of the perceptions of organizational politics. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 6(5), 640-648. Lin, C. P., Lin, M. Z., & Li, Y. B. (2015). An empirical study on the effect of paternalistic leadership on employees’ voice behaviors–the intermediary role of psychological empowerment. Journal of Interdisciplinary Mathematics, 18(6), 789-810. Luo, Y. 1997. Partner selection and venturing success: The case of joint ventures with firms in the People’s Republic of China. Organization Science, 8(6): 648-662. Mary Parker Follett (1896). The Speaker of the House of Representatives. Mayes B. T., Allen Robert W., (1977), Toward A Definition of Organizational Politics, Academy of Management Review, October, 672-678. Mintzberg H., (1983), Power in and around organizations, NJ: Prentice- Hall. Nye, L.G. & Witt, L.A. (1993). Dimensionality and construct validity of the Perceptions of Politics Scale (POPS). Educational and Psychological Measurement, 53(3), 821-829. Organizational Behavior, 7th Edition, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hill. Parker, R., Muhlrad, D., Deshler, J.O., Taylor, N., & Rossi, J.J. (1992). Ribozymes: Principles and designs for their use as antisense and therapeutic agents. In Gene regulation: Biology of antisense RNA and DNA (ED). R.P. Erickson and J.G. Izant (55-70). Raven Press, New York. Pellegrini, E. K., & Scandura, T. A. (2008). Paternalistic leadership: A review and agenda for future research. Journal of management, 34(3), 566-593. Pfeffer,J.,(1992), Managing with power, Boston. Poon, J. M. L. (2003). Situational antecedents and outcomes of organizational politics perceptions. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(2), 138-155. Psychological Review, 84(2): 191-215.Bandura, A. (1997b). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H.Freeman. Pye, L.W. 1985. Asia power and politic:The cultural dimensions of authority, Cambridge, MA:Harvard University press. Redding, S.G. 1990. The spirit of Chinese capitalism. Berlin. Walter de Gruyter. Robbins, T. L., Crino, M. D., & Fredendall, L. D. (2002). An integrative model of the empowerment process. Human Resources Management Review, 12: 419-443. Silin, R. H.1976. Leadership and value: The organization of large-scale Taiwan enterprises. Cambridge, MA. : Harvard University Press. Sirmon, D. G., & Hitt, M. A. (2003). Managing resources: Linking unique resources, management, and wealth creation in family firms. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 27(4), 339-358. Spreitzer, G. M. (1995). Psychological empowerment in the workplace: Dimensions, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5):1442-1465. Steers, R.M. (1991). Introduction to Organizational Behavior (4th ed.) New York: Harper Collins. Thomas, K. W., & Velthouse, B. A. (1990). Cognitive elements of empowerment: An“interpretive” model of intrinsic task motivation. Academy of Management Review, 15(4): 666-681. Westwood, R.I. 1997. Harmony and patriarchy:The cultural basis for “paternalistic headship” among the overseas Chinese .Organization Studies, 18:445-480. Witt, L.A. (1998). Enhancing organizational goal congruence: A solution to organizational politics. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(4), 666-674. Yukl, G.A.(1989). Leadership in organization. (2nd ed.)Englewood Cliffs, N.J.:Prertice-Hall. Zhang, Y., Huai, M. Y., & Xie, Y. H. (2015). Paternalistic leadership and employee voice in China: A dual process model. The Leadership Quarterly, 26(1), 25-36. Zhou, J., & Martocchio, J. J. (2001). Chinese and American managers’ compensation award decisions: A comparative po licylicy-capturing study. Personnel Psychology, 54(1),115115-145. 三、網路 MBA智庫社會權力基礎理論,20201101檢索自https://wiki.mbalib.com/zh-tw/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA MBA智庫領導理論,20201001檢索自https://wiki.mbalib.com/zh-tw/%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA PWC2020臺灣家族企業傳承白皮書,20201001檢索自https://www.pwc.tw/zh/publications/topic-family-business/2020-taiwan-family-business.html 五南圖書出版股份有限公司,20210301檢索自http://www.wunan.com.tw/www2/download/preview/1ITK.PDF 2021/3/28 天下雜誌597期,2016,「家族企業變身全球新顯學」,202008211檢索自 https://www.cw.com.tw/article/5076234?template=transformers&from=search 國家教育研究院,20201003檢索自https://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/1314214/ 國家教育研究院電子報,「權力」與「組織權力」,20201003檢索自https://epaper.naer.edu.tw/edm.php?edm_no=35&content_no=941 |
電子全文 Fulltext |
本電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。 論文使用權限 Thesis access permission:自定論文開放時間 user define 開放時間 Available: 校內 Campus: 已公開 available 校外 Off-campus: 已公開 available |
紙本論文 Printed copies |
紙本論文的公開資訊在102學年度以後相對較為完整。如果需要查詢101學年度以前的紙本論文公開資訊,請聯繫圖資處紙本論文服務櫃台。如有不便之處敬請見諒。 開放時間 available 已公開 available |
QR Code |