隨著資訊科技的快速迭代與發展，企業想要永續生存，能否快速調整以因應瞬息萬變的客戶需求已成為時代的趨勢，故近幾年強調「擁抱變化」、「以人為本」的敏捷式開發方法逐漸被企業所重視，大量運用在變化速度快、不確定性高、複雜性提升及模糊性增加的專案類型上。然而，翻閱過往台灣地區專案管理的相關文獻，在敏捷式 (Agile) 開發方法的研究與探討上仍相當匱乏，多數以瀑布式 (Waterfall) 開發方法為主。

隨著導入敏捷式開發方法的需求及企業與日俱增，更突顯對於敏捷專案管理人才的重視，過往學者提到在敏捷式開發的環境中，Scrum Master (Scrum教練) 的角色是 Scrum 團隊能否成功的關鍵，而企業在尋找、召募適任 Scrum Master 的過程中，應留意其具備什麼樣的特質，來協助 Scrum 團隊運行正確的敏捷式開發過程、引導專案邁向成功更顯其必要性。

因此，本研究透過問卷調查法，以敏捷式開發方法的專案情境為基礎建構研究模型，探討若欲提升敏捷式開發專案的成功率，應該挑選具備何種特質的 Scrum Master 來擔任 Scrum 團隊的教練，以及專案認同在 Scrum Master 特質與專案成功兩者間會造成的調節效應。研究總共回收了159份具 Scrum Master 經驗的有效樣本，經過統計分析呈現結果發現具備「富有知識」與「善於提問」兩項特質的 Scrum Master，與專案成功會有正向的顯著關聯性，而專案認同對 Scrum Master 特質與專案成功之間的調節效果不顯著，但對於專案成功有正向影響。

本研究的結果可提供目前或未來有意推動敏捷式開發專案者及企業參考，作為評選合適 Scrum Master 人才之依據，為組織營運帶來效益。

With the rapid iteration and incremental development of information technology, it has become a trend in the modern era that whether companies can survive depends on having high flexibility to response to the fast-changing customer requirements quickly. Therefore, companies gradually pay attention to the Agile development methods, which emphasizes embracing change and people centric. Agile is widely used in the types of projects with rapid volatility, high uncertainty, rising complexity, and increasing ambiguity. However, in Taiwan, there is still a lack of Agile development methods research in project management literature. Most of research are based on waterfall development methods.

The emphasis on the capabilities of agile project management has been highlighted with the increasing numbers of enterprises and the growing requirements for the introduction of agile development methods. Previous researchers found that in the agile development methods, the role of the Scrum Master is the key to success. It is necessary to focus on the competencies of Scrum Masters in the recruiting process to assist the Scrum team in running the correct agile development process and guiding the project to success.

The current study utilizes questionnaire survey to investigate the relationship between the competencies of Scrum Master and the success of an agile development project. Furthermore, we examined the moderating role of project identification on this relationship. The survey has a sample of 159 managers with Scrum Master experience. The statistical analysis indicates that the competencies of "knowledgeable" and "good questioning" are positively related with the project success. However, this finding does not find the positive moderating effect of project identification.
This finding provides a benchmark for recruiting a suitable Scrum Master for an agile project, benefiting the organizations and individuals who implement agile development projects.

論文審定書 i
誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 2
第三節 研究流程 3
第二章 文獻探討 5
第一節 Scrum Master 特質 5
一、富有知識 7
二、善於提問 7
三、具有耐心 8
四、具協同合作能力 8
五、保護團隊 8
六、溝通公開透明 9
第二節 專案認同 10
第三節 敏捷式開發方法及專案成功 11
一、敏捷式開發方法 11
二、專案成功 13
第三章 研究設計與方法 14
第一節 研究模型與研究假說 14
第二節 研究構面操作型定義 16
一、Scrum Master 特質 16
二、專案認同 17
三、專案成功 17
第三節 研究方法、研究採樣及問卷設計 18
一、專案成功 18
二、Scrum Master 特質 19
三、專案認同 20
四、基本資料 21
第四節 研究資料處理方法 21
一、敘述統計 21
二、信度分析 21
三、效度分析 21
四、結構方程式模型分析 22
第四章 實證分析與討論 23
第一節 敘述統計 23
一、性別 23
二、年齡 24
三、教育程度 24
四、產業類別 25
五、擔任 Scrum Master 工作年資 26
六、敏捷年資 26
七、敏捷專案執行期間 27
八、專案預算 28
九、專案團隊人數 28
第二節 信度分析 29
第三節 效度分析 30
一、收斂效度 30
二、區別效度 32
第四節 研究模型與假說驗證 33
一、Scrum Master特質與專案成功 36
二、專案認同的調節效果 36
三、專案認同與專案成功 36
第五節 研究假說驗證結果 37
第五章 結論與建議 39
第一節 研究結果與研究貢獻 39
第二節 學術領域與實務管理意涵 41
第三節 研究限制與未來研究建議 42
參考文獻 44
附錄一 研究問卷 47

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