人工智慧(AI)是21世紀對於世界影響最大的技術，對於人類活動各領域的影響皆電照風行，大部分已開發國家都將其視為國家重點計畫來發展。AI產業被預測將於2023年達到142億美元的市場規模。然而，在人類未來與AI密不可分的前提下，根據調查，台灣對於AI技術的導入及應用程度卻在亞太地區敬陪末座。同時，過去國內與AI相關的研究大多聚焦在AI的技術以及其相關應用上，而忽略了組織如何採用AI，尤其是採用AI所需的成功因素。
有鑑於此，本研究使用科技-組織-環境架構(TOE)提出一個框架，旨於探討影響組織採用人工智慧科技的因素。本研究之根據過去豐富的創新科技導入文獻將因素劃分為科技面、組織面及環境面來探討，並同時比較各因素對於人工智慧導入的影響力高低，並使用組織規模及產業類別作為控制變數。
研究方法採用線上問卷進行調查，研究對象為全台不限產業之在職員工，共回收524份有效樣本，並透過SmartPLS 3.0及SPSS軟體進行分析以確保樣本及構面的信效度。
本研究結果顯示，AI在組織內部的採用意圖上會正向顯著影響的因素包括IT相容性、資訊部門能力、使用者能力及認知財務資源。組織外部會正向顯著影響採用的因素則是競爭壓力及供應商關係，研究結果同時發現科技業、製造業及金融業對於AI的採用意圖較其他產業為高。
本研究為現今台灣文獻界十分缺乏的組織層級採用AI的因素探討做出貢獻。往後台灣人工智慧組織引進的相關研究可根據本研究之因素進行後續深化探討。








關鍵字:人工智慧、科技-組織-環境架構、創新科技採用、AI準備度、採用

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the most disruptive and influential technology in the 21st century, it has a tremendous impact on human society. AI is almost regarded as the most prospective technology in the national development plan by most of the developed country. However, under the premise that the future of mankind and AI are closely connected and inseparable, according to recent survey (2018), Taiwan’s degree of applying and adopting AI technology is still at the bottom of the ranking within Asia Pacific. Meanwhile, most of the domestic AI related research in the past focused on the technical and application level of AI, while the impact of success factors on AI adoption remains unknown.
In the light of this, the main study of this paper proposes a framework according to previous studies in various innovative technology to explore the success factors on AI adoption by applying TOE framework. The factors that affect firm’s adoption of AI are discussed from technical, organizational, and environmental aspects. Firm size and industry type are considered as control variables.
The surveys were conducted through online questionnaires. The research objects will be focus on the employees among cross industry. A total of 524 valid data were collected to provide reliability and validity for research model. The samples were analyzed by using SmartPLS 3.0 and SPSS.
The results of this research have clearly indicated the following factors are positively significant to AI adoption: IT compatibility, perceived financial support, IS department capabilities, user competence, competitive pressures, vendor partnership. The results on control variable have also shown that IT, manufacturing, financial industries have higher intention to adopt AI than other industries.
This research makes a great contribution to the discussion of factors influencing the adoption at a firm level, since literature in Taiwan are still lacking in AI adoption. The factors in this research can be further discussed on relevant research in the future.

論文審定書 i
致謝 ii
中文摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究動機 2
第三節 研究目的與問題 3
第四節 研究流程 3
第二章 文獻回顧 5
第一節 人工智慧 5
一、 人工智慧(AI)介紹 5
二、 人工智慧(AI)產業應用 6
(一) 電商/行銷 6
(二) 運輸/物流 6
(三) 金融/保險 7
(四) 農業 7
(五) 製造 8
第二節 科技-組織-環境架構(Technology-Organization-Environment Framework, TOE) 8
第三章 研究方法 11
第一節 研究架構 11
第二節 研究假說 12
一、 科技情境因素(Technology Context) 12
二、 組織情境因素(Organization Context) 13
三、 環境情境因素(Environment Context) 18
第三節 操作型定義 23
第四節 研究設計 25
第四章 資料分析與討論 26
第一節 資料蒐集與使用工具 26
第二節 模型衡量 26
第三節 樣本描述統計(Descriptive Statistics) 26
第四節 測量驗證(Measurement Validation) 29
一、 共同方法偏誤(Common Method Bias) 29
二、 信度與效度(Reliability and Validity) 30
三、 共線性分析(Multi-Collinearity analysis) 35
第五節 假說檢定(Hypothesis Testing) 36
第六節 討論(Discussions) 39
一、 組織內部影響AI導入的因素 39
二、 組織外部影響AI導入的因素 40
三、 控制變數 41
第五章 結論 43
第一節 學術貢獻(Academic Implication) 43
第二節 實務貢獻(Practical Implication) 43
一、 尚未導入AI之企業 43
二、 正在或已經導入AI的企業 44
三、 政府 44
第三節 研究限制與未來建議 (Limitations and suggestions for future study) 45
一、 樣本數 45
二、 產業與研究方法 45
第六章 參考文獻 46
附錄 54

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