本研究主要探討工作狂的強迫工作傾向特質與工作塑造之間的關聯性並整合「情感事件理論」以及「資源保存理論」來探討當強迫工作傾向員工進行工作塑造行為時，進而會影響到同事情緒耗竭及同事工作績效。此外，另依據「特質活化理論」觀點，將同事具有強迫工作傾向的人格特質作為調節變項，藉此驗證當同事有此特質時，可能導致不同的結果。本研究透過網路問卷方式蒐集受試者與同事二人一組之對偶問卷，共計回收117 組共234份有效問卷。研究結果指出，當強迫工作傾向的工作塑造者有增加挑戰性工作要求行為時，會與同事情緒耗竭呈現正向關聯性，並進一步影響到同事工作績效。此外，研究結果也顯示，當同事本身亦具有強迫工作傾向特質時，會調節工作塑造者增加挑戰性工作要求對同事情緒耗竭的正向關係，換言之，當同事的強迫工作傾向越高時，前述之正向關聯性會越強，而當同事的強迫工作傾向越低時，則會弱化工作塑造者增加挑戰性工作要求與同事情緒耗竭程度的正向關聯性。本研究依此結論提出對於強迫工作傾向及工作塑造行為的管理意涵與未來的研究建議。

This study focuses on the relationship between compulsive work and job crafting and how crafting behavior impacts a colleague’s job performance. By drawing on the conservation of resources theory and affective events theory, the current study suggests that employees with work compulsive tendencies would do job crafting behaviors, affecting colleagues' emotional exhaustion and job performance. In addition, based on the trait activation theory, this study examines whether colleagues with work compulsive tendencies may cause different results. In the current study, the collected online survey data among 117 dyads, and the results indicated: (1) The work compulsive tendency is positively related to job crafting. (2) job crafter shows more in increasing their challenging job demands. (3) when job crafter increases their challenging job demands, that is positively related to colleague’s emotional exhaustion. (4) colleague’s emotional exhaustion is negatively related to their job performance. (5) the association between job crafter’s increasing challenging job demands and colleague’s emotional exhaustion was stronger when the colleague was high in work compulsive tendency. According to the research results, the practical implications and avenues for future studies are provided in this study.

論文審定書 i
中文摘要 ii
Abstract iii
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 文獻探討 5
第一節 工作狂 5
第二節 強迫工作傾向與工作塑造的關聯性 7
第三節 工作塑造與情緒耗竭的關聯性 9
第四節 情緒耗竭與工作績效的關聯性 10
第五節 同事強迫工作傾向特質的調節效果 12
第六節 研究架構 13
第三章 研究方法 15
第一節 研究對象與研究程序 15
第二節 研究工具 17
第三節 共同方法變異之改善處理 21
第四節 資料處理分析 21
第四章 研究結果 23
第一節 驗證性因素分析 23
第二節 相關分析 24
第三節 假設分析 26
第五章 研究結論與建議 30
第一節 研究結論發現與討論 30
第二節 管理意涵 33
第三節 研究限制與未來建議 34
參考文獻 36
附錄 43

參考文獻
Andreassen, C. S. (2014). Workaholism: An overview and current status of the research. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1556/jba.2.2013.017
Andreassen, C. S., Hetland, J., & Pallesen, S. (2010). The Relationship Between 'Workaholism', Basic Needs Satisfaction at Work and Personality. European Journal of Personality, 24(1), 3-17. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.737
Andreassen, C. S., Hetland, J., & Pallesen, S. (2014). Psychometric assessment of workaholism measures. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29(1), 7-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/jmp-05-2013-0143
Ashforth, B. E., & Humphrey, R. H. (1995). Emotion in the workplace: A reappraisal. Human Relations, 48(2), 97-125. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679504800201
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. J. J. o. m. p. (2007). The job demands‐resources model: State of the art.
Bakker, A. B., Van Emmerik, H., & Van Riet, P. (2008). How job demands, resources, and burnout predict objective performance: A constructive replication. Anxiety Stress and Coping, 21(3), 309-324. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800801958637
Basch, J., & Fisher, C. D. (1998). Affective events-emotions matrix: A classification of work events and associated emotions. Bond University.
Breevaart, K., & Tims, M. (2019). Crafting social resources on days when you are emotionally exhausted: The role of job insecurity. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 92(4), 806-824. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12261
Burke, R. J. (1999). It's Not How Hard You Work But How You Work Hard: Evaluating Workaholism Components. International Journal of Stress Management, 6(4), 225-239. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021936220220
Clark, M. A. (2016). Workaholism: It’s not just long hours on the job. Psychological Science Agenda. http://www.apa.org/science/about/psa/2016/04/workaholism
Clark, M. A., Michel, J. S., Zhdanova, L., Pui, S. Y., & Baltes, B. B. J. J. o. M. (2016). All work and no play? A meta-analytic examination of the correlates and outcomes of workaholism. 42(7), 1836-1873.
Clark, M. A., Smith, R. W., & Haynes, N. J. J. J. o. A. P. (2020). The Multidimensional Workaholism Scale: Linking the conceptualization and measurement of workaholism. 105(11), 1281.
Crawford, E. R., LePine, J. A., & Rich, B. L. (2010). Linking Job Demands and Resources to Employee Engagement and Burnout: A Theoretical Extension and Meta-Analytic Test. Journal of applied psychology, 95(5), 834-848. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019364
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. J. P. i. (2000). The" what" and" why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. 11(4), 227-268.
Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of applied psychology, 86(3), 499.
Folkman, S. (1984). Personal control and stress and coping processes: a theoretical analysis. [Article]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46(4), 839-852. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.46.4.839
Hakanen, J. J., Peeters, M. C., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2018). Different types of employee well-being across time and their relationships with job crafting. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 23(2), 289.
Halbesleben, J. R., & Buckley, M. R. J. J. o. m. (2004). Burnout in organizational life. 30(6), 859-879.
Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford Press.
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513-524. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.44.3.513
Hobfoll, S. E. (2001). The influence of culture, community, and the nested-self in the stress process: Advancing Conservation of Resources theory. Applied Psychology-an International Review-Psychologie Appliquee-Revue Internationale, 50(3), 337-370. https://doi.org/10.1111/1464-0597.00062
Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff Criteria for Fit Indexes in Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria Versus New Alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling-a Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
Karatepe, O. M., & Uludag, O. J. I. J. o. T. R. (2008). Role stress, burnout and their effects on frontline hotel employees' job performance: evidence from Northern Cyprus. 10(2), 111-126.
Katz, D. J. B. s. (1964). The motivational basis of organizational behavior. 9(2), 131-146.
Kirrane, M., Breen, M., & O'Connor, C. J. H. R. D. Q. (2017). A qualitative study on the consequences of intensive working. 28(2), 227-268.
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. J. A. r. o. p. (2001). Job burnout. 52(1), 397-422.
Miner, A. G., Glomb, T. M., & Hulin, C. (2005). Experience sampling mood and its correlates at work. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 78, 171-193. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317905x40105
Ng, T. W. H., Sorensen, K. L., & Feldman, D. C. (2007). Dimensions, antecedents, and consequences of workaholism: a conceptual integration and extension. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 28(1), 111-136. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.424
Oates, W. E. (1968). On being a On being a ‘workaholic’: A serious jest. Pastoral Psychology, 19(8), 16-20.
Parkes, K. (1994). Personality and coping as moderators of work stress processes: Models, methods and measures. Work and Stress, 8(2), 110-129. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678379408259984
Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., Peeters, M. C. W., Schaufeli, W. B., & Hetland, J. (2012). Crafting a job on a daily basis: Contextual correlates and the link to work engagement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(8), 1120-1141. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1783
Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2015). Job crafting in changing organizations: Antecedents and implications for exhaustion and performance. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 20(4), 470-480. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0039003
Rhee, S. Y., Hur, W. M., & Kim, M. (2017). The Relationship of Coworker Incivility to Job Performance and the Moderating Role of Self-Efficacy and Compassion at Work: The Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Approach [Article]. Journal of Business and Psychology, 32(6), 711-726. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-016-9469-2
Sandrin, E., Gillet, N., Fernet, C., Depint-Rouault, C., Leloup, M., & Portenard, D. (2019). Effects of workaholism on volunteer firefighters' performance: a moderated mediation model including supervisor recognition and emotional exhaustion. Anxiety Stress and Coping, 32(5), 568-580. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2019.1638683
Schaufeli, W., Leiter, M., Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. J. M. B. I. m. (1996). MBI-General Survey (MBI-GS). 19-26.
Schaufeli, W. B., Shimazu, A., & Taris, T. W. (2009). Being Driven to Work Excessively Hard The Evaluation of a Two-Factor Measure of Workaholism in The Netherlands and Japan. Cross-Cultural Research, 43(4), 320-348. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069397109337239
Tett, R. P., & Burnett, D. D. (2003). A personality trait-based interactionist model of job performance. Journal of applied psychology, 88(3), 500-517. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.3.500
Tims, M., & Bakker, A. B. (2010). Job crafting: Towards a new model of individual job redesign. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36(2), 1-9.
Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2012). Development and validation of the job crafting scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(1), 173-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.05.009
Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2013). The impact of job crafting on job demands, job resources, and well-being. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 18(2), 230.
Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2015). Examining Job Crafting from an Interpersonal Perspective: Is Employee Job Crafting Related to the Well-Being of Colleagues? International Association for Analytical Psychology, 64(4), 727-753. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12043
Van den Broeck, A., Schreurs, B., De Witte, H., Vansteenkiste, M., Germeys, F., & Schaufeli, W. J. A. P. (2011). Understanding workaholics' motivations: A self‐determination perspective. 60(4), 600-621.
Wang, Y.-H., Hu, C., Hurst, C. S., & Yang, C.-C. (2014). Antecedents and outcomes of career plateaus: The roles of mentoring others and proactive personality. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(3), 319-328.
Weiss, H. M., & Cropanzano, R. (1996). Affective events theory: A theoretical discussion of the structure, causes and consequences of affective experiences at work. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol 18, 1996 (Vol. 18, pp. 1-74). <Go to ISI>://WOS:A1996BE88M00001
Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. J. J. o. m. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. 17(3), 601-617.
Wright, T. A., & Bonett, D. G. (1997). The contribution of burnout to work performance. 18(5), 491-499.
Wright, T. A., & Cropanzano, R. (1998). Emotional exhaustion as a predictor of job performance and voluntary turnover [Article]. Journal of applied psychology, 83(3), 486-493. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.83.3.486
Wrzesniewski, A., & Dutton, J. E. (2001). Crafting a job: Revisioning employees as active crafters of their work. Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 179-201. https://doi.org/10.2307/259118
Zeijen, M. E. L., Peeters, M. C. W., & Hakanen, J. J. (2018). Workaholism versus work engagement and job crafting: What is the role of self‐management strategies? Human Resource Management, 28(2).
李欣怡（2020）。工作塑造行為對同事工作態度之負向影響：個人差異與主管要求的調節效果（未出版之碩士論文）。國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所，碩士論文。
周君倚、陸洛（2016）。工作狂研究之回顧與前瞻。應用心理研究，(65)，61-127。https://doi.org/10.3966/156092512016120065003
彭台光、高月慈、林鉦棽（2006）。管理研究中的共同方法變異：問題本質、影響、測試和補救。管理學報，23，77-98。doi:10.6504/JOM.2006.23.01.05
黃瑞傑、王豫萱（2013）。工作狂與情緒耗竭、工作－家庭衝突之關係：個體間差異的調節效果。東吳經濟商學學報，(83)，1-42。
蕭婉鎔（2014）。員工每日工作情緒及其對工作結果之影響。人力資源管理學報，14(2) 81-109。 https://doi.org/10.6147/jhrm.2014.1402.04