台灣產業結構主要以中小型企業為基礎，近年來，因工業4.0而起的數位轉型浪潮席捲全球，各界逐漸將新創發展視為產業轉型的關鍵動能，世界各地也陸續興起創新創業的風潮，以解決經濟成長趨緩的問題。而台灣在中小型企業的內部資源與創新能力不足之前提下，該如何因應新科技的趨勢進行數位轉型。本研究透過分析經濟部研發型法人所提供之創新創業服務流程，確定在生態系統中的關鍵角色以及產官研之間的互補關係，探討研發型法人如何結合新創產業需求，建立創新創業生態系統，以協助傳統中小型企業轉型與升級，進而帶動下一波的經濟成長。
研究結果發現，經濟部研發型法人的創育機構，通常將本身定位為中介者，以鏈結創新創業生態系統所需要的資源與角色，媒合新創與傳統中小型企業的合作機會，目的是要協助傳統產業轉型，同時促進新創產業發展。其提供的服務大致上包含：舉辦活動、財稅法諮詢、空間租借、工具圖書館、技術輔導、資金媒合、產品化、小量試產、商業化等。其主要參與者包括：經濟部中小企業處、研發型財團法人、法人的創育機構、國內外加速器、天使人與創投、業師、傳統中小型企業、新創公司。
目前台灣創新創業生態系統的主要挑戰包括：1) 國內市場太小，若新創的產品或服務只設定在台灣當地市場，較不利於新創發展；2)資金不足，新創要獲得第一筆投資並不容易，若沒有天使資金，新創更難以進行A輪、B輪；3)若各部會能共同合作打造創新創業生態系統，將有利於串聯生態系統所需的資源。

Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in supporting industrial development over the past few decades in Taiwan. In recent years, the wave of digital transformation initiated by Industry 4.0 has swept across the world. However, it is difficult for SMEs to transform with limited resources and innovation capacity. Therefore, this paper explores how government and research institutes facilitate the innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem for the digital transformation of Taiwan’s industry.
Our results demonstrate that the incubators of the research institutes tend to position themselves as intermediaries, to connect the required resources and actors of the ecosystem. The purpose is to promote the digital transformation of SMEs while boosting the development of startups. They provide services such as space, activities, training courses, competitions, funds matching, consulting, government grants, etc. The main actors in the ecosystem include the Small and Medium Enterprise Administration of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, research institutes, incubators of the research institutes, accelerators, angel investors and venture capital, mentors, small and medium-sized enterprises, and start-ups.
The current challenges facing the innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem in Taiwan. Firstly, the domestic market is too small. The startups should not only focus on the local market in Taiwan, or it will be a disadvantage to the development. Secondly, startups have insufficient funds. It can be extremely difficult for startups to get funded. And thirdly, if different departments can work together to build an innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem, it will be beneficial to connect the resources required.

論文審定書……………………………………………………………………….i
摘要……………………………………………………………………………....ii
Abstract…………………………………………………………...……………..iii
目錄……………………………………………………………………………...iv
圖次………………………………………………………………………............v
表次………………………………………………………………………...........vi
第一章 緒論......................................................................................................1
第一節 研究背景............................................................................................. 1
第二節 研究動機與目的..................................................................................9
第三節 研究流程............................................................................................11
第二章 文獻探討............................................................................................12
第一節 中小型企業的創新............................................................................12
第二節 國家創新系統....................................................................................13
第三節 創新創業生態系統............................................................................14
第三章 研究方法............................................................................................20
第一節 研究架構............................................................................................20
第二節 次級資料分析....................................................................................21
第三節 深度訪談法........................................................................................22
第四節 訪談大綱設計....................................................................................23
第四章 研究結果與分析................................................................................25
第一節 經濟部推動創育產業的起源............................................................25
第二節 台灣研發型財團法人介紹...............................................................25
第三節 研究對象與機構之介紹....................................................................28
第四節 法人建立的創新創業生態系統........................................................31
第五節 小結....................................................................................................44
第五章 結論....................................................................................................52
第一節 經濟部建構的國家創新創業生態系統............................................52
第二節 研究意涵............................................................................................56
第三節 未來研究建議....................................................................................57
參考文獻.........................................................................................................58

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