本研究以資源保存理論觀點，探討下班後主管使用通訊軟體交辦公務之緊急性與重要性透過自我耗損影響職場不文明行為之歷程，並進一步分析職場友誼對於自我耗損到職場不文明行為之間是否會產生調節效果。本研究以在下班時間使用通訊軟體接收並處理工作訊息的上班族為研究對象，採用問卷調查法，每日分上午與下午二時間點回收問卷，一共收集81位受試者五個上班日狀況，取得164份有效配對樣本。經由跨層次路徑分析，研究結果顯示：（一）下班後主管使用通訊軟體交辦公務之重要性與緊急性，與自我耗損具有負向關聯性（二）員工的自我耗損越嚴重，越容易產生職場不文明行為。（三）下班後主管使用通訊軟體交辦公務之重要性與緊急性會透過自我耗損的中介，影響職場不文明行為的產生。（四）擁有高職場友誼者，將強化自我耗損與職場不文明行為的正向關係。本研究亦根據研究結果，針對實務管理意涵與未來研究，提出建議。

Based on resource conversation theory, this study investigated the mediating role of ego depletion between the urgency and importance of the supervisor’s assignment through after-hours ICT messages and workplace incivility. Furthermore, this study aims to test whether workplace friendship moderates the effect of ego depletion on workplace incivility. With office workers who have constantly received work assignments via communication software and need to be responsive during non-working hours as research objects, this study used the experience sampling method to analyze 164 daily surveys from 81 respondents. The data were collected twice daily, and the participants were asked to complete the survey for five days. The hierarchical linear modeling results suggested the following: （1） The importance of the supervisor’s assignment through after-hours ICT messages was negatively associated with ego depletion. （2） Ego depletion was positively associated with workplace incivility. （3） Ego depletion mediated the effects of the importance of the supervisor’s assignment through after-hours ICT messages and workplace incivility. （4） Closer workplace friendship moderated the relationship between ego depletion and workplace incivility. Lastly, based on the results, this study provided several practical implications and future suggestions.

論文審定書 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖次 v
表次 vi
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 文獻回顧與假設 5
第一節 下班後主管使用通訊軟體交辦公務之「緊急性」以及「重要性」 5
第二節 下班後主管使用通訊軟體交辦公務之「重要性」以及「緊急性」對於自我耗損的關聯：以資源保存理論的觀點 7
第三節 自我耗損與職場不文明行為的關聯：以自我控制理論的觀點 9
第四節 自我耗損對於下班後主管使用通訊軟體交辦公事之「重要性」以及「緊急性」與職場不文明行為的中介效果 11
第五節 職場友誼在下班後主管使用通訊軟體交辦公務之重要性、緊急性與自我耗損以及職場不文明行為的調節效果 12
第三章 研究方法 15
第一節 研究樣本與施測程序 15
第二節 研究工具 17
第三節 資料分析方法 18
第四章 研究結果 19
第一節 描述性統計資料與相關係數 19
第二節 驗證性因素分析 20
第三節 假設檢定 21
第五章 討論與建議 25
第一節 研究結果討論 25
第二節 管理實務意涵 28
第三節 本研究限制與未來研究建議 30
參考文獻 33
附錄 41
附件一：問卷調查表─第一階段問卷 41
附件二：問卷調查表─上午問卷 44
附件三：問卷調查表─下午問卷 46

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