頻率解調器在自我注入鎖定雷達系統中扮演著關鍵性的角色，目前普遍以正交混波器與射頻延遲單元，如同軸纜線或表面聲波濾波器組成。當操作頻率升高時，現有電路元件會遭遇到損耗、頻寬、尺寸、與成本等問題。本論文利用六埠電路與帶通濾波器完成頻率解調電路。當系統操作在2.4 GHz時，選用表面聲波器作為延遲單元，配合微帶線六埠電路與波包檢測器可達成頻率解調功能。為了因應未來較高頻段的自我注入鎖定雷達系統，因此設計一5.8 GHz ISM頻段的帶通濾波器，頻寬為150 MHz，損耗約為10 dB，時間延遲為10 ns，可作為延遲單元使用。
本論文先以射頻訊號產生器輸出的頻率調制訊號驗證頻率解調器功能正常後，再加上自我注入鎖定振盪器與收發天線進行完整功能測試，該雷達雛型電路可對50公分外的受測者進行非接觸式生理徵象感測。

The frequency demodulator plays a major role in Self-Injection-Locked(SIL) system. At present, it’s generally composed of Quadrature demodulation and the unit of delay line, such as saw filter (surface acoustic wave filter) or Coaxial cable. As we rise the high frequency, the elements of circuits will face the problem of loss, bandwidth, size and cost etc. This thesis describes using six-port circuit and band-pass filter to form a frequency demodulator. As system operates at 2.4 GHz, we select saw filter to provide a unit of delay time and cooperate with six-port circuit by micro strip line and envelope detector to reach the function of frequency demodulation. In order to cope with Self-Injection-Locked(SIL) system with high frequency bandwidth , we try to design band-pass filter at 5.8 GHz in ISM bandwidth which can be used as a unit of delay time. It has 150 MHz bandwidth, insertion loss about 10 dB and group delay of 10 ns. First of all, we use ESG vector signal generator to produce signal of frequency modulation to make sure the system is correct. Secondly, add Self-Injection-Locked voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and antenna as a receiver to check the output signal thoroughly. The original circuit of radar system can be used to test people out of 50 centimeters by wireless physiological signal sensing.

圖目錄 vii
表目錄 x
第一章 序論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 自我注入鎖定(SIL)雷達 1
1.3 FM頻率解調 2
1.4 論文大綱 5
第二章 六埠電路 6
2.1 六埠相關器 6
2.1.1 功率分配器(wilkinson power divider) 7
2.1.2 〖90〗^°耦合器(quadrature hybrid coupler) 11
2.1.3 六埠相關器(six port correlator) 14
2.2 通訊系統檢波器 18
2.3 六埠電路解調器 20
2.4 工作原理分析 21
第三章 時間延遲濾波器的設計 23
3.1 濾波器簡介 23
3.2 群延遲(group delay) 25
3.3 濾波器相關設計理論 26
3.3.1低通集總元件式濾波器設計 26
3.4 平行耦合濾波器設計 30
3.4.1平行耦合線的參數 30
3.5 微帶線基本特性 31
3.6 制定濾波器規格跟理想響應 33
3.7 時間延遲濾波器(group delay filter) 35
3.7.1 串接兩個時間延遲濾波器(two series of group delay filter) 38
3.7.2 串接三個時間延遲濾波器(three series of group delay filter) 39
第四章 模擬與量測結果分析 41
4.1 六埠技術之自我鎖定雷達系統量測 41
4.1.1 訊號產生器的量測 41
4.1.2 致動器(actuator)的量測 43
4.1.3 生理訊號的量測 46
第五章 結論 47
參考文獻 48

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