近年來受新冠病毒(COVID-19)疫情影響，虛擬團隊合作已被廣泛應用在不同性質的團隊，同時隨著元宇宙概念的發展，也讓虛擬團隊能夠透過VR頭戴式裝置進行更有互動性及參與感的會議。然而有關VR虛擬會議的研究還不是非常充足，因此本研究使用刺激-有機體-反應理論將心流理論與道德脫離機制整合，以元宇宙虛擬會議軟體Horizon Workrooms為例，探討VR虛擬會議帶給使用者的感受如何激起個人的心流體驗並影響其道德脫離認知，進而引發使用者在會議中的社會性懈怠程度。

本研究使用實驗與問卷調查相結合的方法進行資料蒐集，受測者會配戴VR頭戴式裝置與團隊在Workrooms中進行虛擬會議，待會議結束後再填寫網路問卷。研究結果顯示，心流體驗的前置因素正向影響心流體驗，心流體驗負向影響非人性化機制，而非人性化則對社會性懈怠具有負向效果。最後，本研究提出結論與建議，以供後續元宇宙虛擬會議研究與服務提供者作為參考。

In recent years, affected by COVID-19, virtual teamwork has been extensively utilized across various teams. Meanwhile, with the development of the metaverse concept, it also allows virtual teams to conduct more interactive and participatory meetings through VR headsets. However, there is currently insufficient research on virtual meeting. This study integrates flow theory with moral disengagement theory using stimulus-organism-response theory. Using Horizon Workrooms, a metaverse virtual meeting software, as an example, this study investigates how the feelings brought by VR virtual meeting stimulate individuals' flow experiences and affect their moral disengagement cognition, which in turn triggers social loafing during the meetings.

This study used experimental and questionnaire methods. In the experiment, participants will wear VR headset and conduct a virtual meeting with their team in Workrooms. After the meeting, they will fill out the online questionnaire. The study reveals that the antecedents of the flow experience positively affect the flow experience, while the flow experience has a negative impact on dehumanization, which in turn negatively affects social loafing. Finally, the study presents conclusions and recommendations for subsequent research and service providers.

論文審定書 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究目的與問題 3
第三節 研究流程 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
第一節 元宇宙(Metaverse) 4
第二節 刺激-有機體-反應理論(S-O-R) 5
第三節 心流理論 5
第四節 社會性懈怠(Social Loafing) 6
第五節 道德脫離理論(Moral Disengagement) 6
第三章 研究架構 8
第一節 研究模型 8
第二節 研究假說 8
第三節 操作型定義 11
第四章 研究方法 13
第一節 研究設計 13
一、研究對象及流程 13
二、研究問卷 14
第二節 樣本結構描述 17
第三節 模型衡量方法 18
一、信效度分析 18
二、共線性診斷 22
三、共同方法偏誤 23
第四節 假說驗證 26
第五章 結論與建議 28
第一節 研究結論 28
第二節 研究貢獻 29
一、學術貢獻 29
二、實務貢獻 29
第三節 研究限制與未來發展 30
參考文獻 31
中文文獻 31
英文文獻 31
附錄一 VR虛擬會議研究資訊說明頁 38
附錄二 實驗同意書 39
附錄三 本研究正式問卷 42

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