本論文提出兩種模型萃取方法，直接萃取法及適應性有理近似法，可有效建構寬頻的修正T型等效電路。此二方法利用模型簡化及分解技巧以大幅簡化萃取方法的複雜度及所需運算，使得任何微波雙埠被動元件可用所提之全分析性方法予以模型化。相較於其他寬頻模型化方法，修正T型等效電路可用更為少數之元件加以建構，此一特點歸功於分解後之電路具有明顯的諧振響應可資辨識，以利於決定所需元件所致。值得一提的是修正T型等效電路可用擴充階層式諧振器的層數以達成寬頻模型化但模型仍為單級電路之目的。文後以數個低溫共燒陶瓷及有機基板內埋型式的濾波器和電感器做為實例，以驗證萃取方法所得之修正T型等效電路確實有寬頻及準確的特性。

This dissertation presents two kinds of model extraction approaches, direct extraction and adaptive rational approximation methods, for establishing a novel broadband model, the modified T-equivalent circuit. Both methods skillfully use the simplified and decomposed schemes to dramatically reduce the complexity of modeled parameter extraction procedures and the needed computational efforts. As a result, any two-port microwave passive components or networks can be modeled efficiently using the proposed fully-analytical mathematic extraction formulations. In comparison with other broadband modeling techniques, the modified T-equivalent circuit can be constructed with much less elements. Model with such a compact character attributes the frequency responses of two decomposed circuits having obvious resonances to be identified and utilized for constituting equivalent circuits using only necessary elements. It is worth to note that the modified T-equivalent circuit model can utilize two expandable multilayer resonators to achieve very wide bandwidth but maintain model still in a single-stage equivalent circuit. Several successful modeling examples verified on the LTCC- and organic- embedded type of band-pass filters and inductors, the most crucial passive components to affect the performances of RF communication system, demonstrate the presented model with the superior character of accuracy and broadband indeed.

1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation 1
1.2 Equivalent Circuits and Model Extraction Techniques 3
1.3 Model-Based Approaches and Automatic Equivalent-Circuit Generation 7
1.4 Currently Available Modeling Tools 10
1.4.1 ADS Modeling Tool 10
1.4.2 SIDEA 12
1.4.3 IdEM 13
1.4.4 Nexxim Modeling Tool 13
1.5 Modeling Considerations 16
1.5.1 Stability 16
1.5.2 Passivity 17
2 Modified T-Equivalent Circuit 19
2.1 Microwave Network Structure 19
2.2 Model Simplification and Decomposition 23
2.3 Useful Informations for Extracting Equivalent-Circuit Parameters 25
2.3.1 Resonant Frequencies 25
2.3.2 Quality Factors 27
2.3.3 Interpolation and Extrapolation of Measured Data 27
3 LTCC Band-Pass Filter Modeling 30
3.1 Modified T-Equivalent Circuit 31
3.2 Direct Extraction Method 38
3.3 Adaptive Rational Approximation Method 43
3.4 Modeled Results and Discussion 49
4 Embedded Spiral Inductor Modeling 59
4.1 Spiral Inductor Embedded in Organic Substrate 59
4.2 Extraction of Modified T-Equivalent Circuit Parameters 61
4.3 Scalable Technique 67
4.4 Modeled Results and Discussion 67
5 Comparisons with Currently Available Modeling Tools 75
5.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Modified T-Equivalent Circuit 75
5.2 Modeling Examples for Comparison 76
5.3 Some Suggestions on Extracting Modified T-Equivalent Circuit 101
6 Conclusion 102
References 104
Vita 114

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