在本研究中，將以空白對照組（N）、高鐵酸鉀化學方法（C）、改底養泥複合菌生物方法（B）、金魚藻植物復育方法（SP）、活性炭原位覆蓋方法（BC）等修復方法，觀察水質項目與營養鹽釋放間之關係，並對上覆水體及濕地底泥間進行營養鹽濃度變化之測定，以比較不同整治方法，對修復水體營養鹽污染過程中，如何突破底泥與上覆水體間營養鹽之平衡。因此，本研究將以批式模槽模擬內源性污染之水域，並進行水質監測，利用統計軟體將水質參數項目與沉水植物復育生長指標作相關性之探討，以做為生態修復工程及控制水體內源性污染物釋放，提供理論依據。
根據模擬實驗及皮爾森相關性分析之結果顯示，N槽水體之總有機碳對濕地底泥總氮釋放有顯著影響，而氨氮及正磷酸鹽則對底泥總磷釋放有顯著影響。C槽水體之溶氧、有機氮、正磷酸鹽、總磷及濁度等水質參數對濕地底泥總氮之釋放亦有顯著的影響，而濁度、氨氮及正磷酸鹽對濕地底泥總磷之釋放有顯著的影響。在B槽水體之實驗結果顯示，氨氮、正磷酸鹽、總磷、溶氧及濁度會對濕地底泥總氮釋放有顯著的影響；溶氧、濁度、氨氮、正磷對濕地底泥總磷釋放有顯著影響。在SP槽水體之pH、氨氮及亞硝酸鹽對濕地底泥總氮釋放有顯著的影響，而溶氧、氨氮及正磷酸鹽則對濕地底泥總磷釋放有顯著的影響。對於BC槽水體，其中之溶氧、ORP、氨氮、有機氮、pH、正磷酸鹽及總磷對濕地底泥總氮釋放有顯著的影響，而溶氧、ORP、有機氮、pH、氨氮及正磷酸鹽則對濕地底泥總磷釋放有顯著的影響。
此外，以30 NTU、20 NTU、10 NTU、5 NTU、1 NTU及1 NTU加上有流速的環境條件下等。對六種水體參數，對金魚藻水生植物訓養35天，並做植體分析研究。根據皮爾森相關性分析結果顯示，在p<0.05時，金魚藻之POD與正磷酸鹽釋放有顯著的負相關性，而MDA與有機氮之釋放則有顯著的正相關性。在濁度1~30，時與金魚藻的各生長指標則顯示無顯著之相關性。此結果說明濁30NTU內，對金魚藻生長無顯著影響。又根據獨立之t檢定顯示，流速的有無，對RGY、葉綠素a、總醣、光合作用速率及POD等有顯著的影響。

In this study,the relationship between nutrient release and remediation methods, such as blank control group (N), potassium ferrate chemical method (C), compound bacteria biological method (B), ceratophyte plant restoration method (SP), activated carbon in situ covering method (BC), and so on was investigated.The purpose of this study is to compare different remediation methods to break the nutrient balance between the sediments and overlying water bodies.Therefore,a batch model tank was used to simulate an endogenous polluted water area, and to monitor the water quality simultaneously.In this study,the correlation between water quality and growth index of submerged macrophytes was also discussed by using statistical software to provide theoretical basis for ecological restoration and controlling the release of endogenous pollutants.
According to the results of simulation experiment and Pearson correlation analysis, in N tank water body,TOC has significant effect on the TN release,While NH3-N and OP have significant effects on the TP release in the wetland sediments. In water body of the C tank,it was found that DO、Org-N、OP、TP and NTU has significant effect on the TN release,while NH3-N、NTU and OP have significant effects on the TP release in the wetland sediments.As to the water body in B tank,the parameters of DO、NTU、OP、TP、NH3-N were found to be significant effect on the TN release,while the parameters of NH3-N、NTU、OP and DO have significant effects on the TP release in wetland sediments. In the water body of SP tank,the parameters of pH、NH3-N and NO2 were observed exhibiting significant effect on the TN release, while the parameters of NH3-N、OP and DO have significant effects on the TP release in wetland sediments.In the water body of BC tank,the parameters of DO、ORP、NH3-N、Org-N、pH and OP were found having significant effect on the TN release；DO、ORP、NH3-N、Org-N、pH and OP were observer presenting significant effects on the TP release in wetland sediments.
In additions the experiment results also showed that there was a significant negative correlation between pod and phosphorus release when p < 0.05,according to Pearson correlation analysis.However there was a significant positive correlation between MDA and organic nitrogen release.Meanwhile there was no significant correlation for the ranged from turbidity 1to30 and the growth indexes of Ceratophyllum demersum,which indicated that the turbidity of 30 had no significant effect on the growth of Ceratophyllum demersum. According to the independent t test, the flow rates have significant effects on RGY、Chl-a、total carbohydrate、photosynthesis rate and POD.

目錄
學位論文審定書 i
誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract v
目錄 vii
圖次 xii
表次 xv
第一章 前言 1
1.1研究動機 1
1.2研究目的 2
1.3研究架構 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1水體優養化 4
2.1.1造成水體優養化的原因 5
2.1.2優養化的危害 6
2.2造成優養化的關鍵因子 7
2.2.1氮為關鍵因子 7
2.2.2磷為關鍵因子 7
2.2.3有機物為關鍵因子 8
2.3營養鹽與藻類及代謝污染物之間的關係 8
2.3.1胞外有機代謝物 8
2.3.2藻毒 8
2.3.3臭味 9
2.4底泥組成及來源 10
2.4.1底泥水質淨化與吸附功能 11
2.4.2底泥氧化還原電位和氫離子濃度指數 11
2.4.3底泥有機質 12
2.4.4底泥碳氮比和氮磷 12
2.5底泥營養鹽的釋放 14
2.5.1影響底泥營養鹽釋放的因子 14
2.5.2底泥釋放的氮 16
2.5.3底泥釋放的磷 17
2.6底泥污染整治方法 18
2.6.1離地底泥整治方法 18
2.6.2現地底泥整治方法 19
2.7沉水性水生植物系統 23
2.7.1淨化氮磷機制 23
2.7.2化感作用抑制藻類 24
2.7.3金魚藻 25
2.7.4金魚藻最適合生長條件 25
2.7.5金番埤濕地進流口水質 26
2.8影響沉水植物生長因素 27
2.8.1營養鹽 27
2.8.2光照 28
2.8.3溫度 28
2.8.4 pH 29
2.8.5底泥 29
2.8.6水位和水流 29
2.8.7動物攝食 32
第三章 研究方法 33
3.1實驗設計 33
3.1.1各槽體介紹 34
3.1.2天然濁度馴養金魚藻實驗設計 36
3.2.1水樣採樣與保存 37
3.2.2水樣項目分析 39
3.2.3水樣項目分析 41
3.3底泥沉積物採樣及分析方法 42
3.3.1底泥氫離子濃度指數 43
3.3.2底泥氧化還原電位 43
3.3.3底泥導電度 43
3.3.4底泥亞硝酸鹽氮 43
3.3.5底泥硝酸鹽氮 44
3.3.6底泥可溶性正磷酸鹽 44
3.3.7底泥可溶性總磷 44
3.3.8底泥總磷 45
3.3.9底泥氨氮 45
3.3.10底泥總凱氏氮 45
3.3.11底泥有機質 46
3.3.12底泥有機碳 46
3.4九番埤濕地底泥現狀分析與評價 46
3.5植物分析方法 48
3.5.1植物相對生長量、葉綠素含量、葉綠素a/b、總醣含量測定 48
3.5.2光合作用速率測定 49
3.5.3超氧化物歧化酶 49
3.5.4過氧化物酶 50
3.5.5丙二醛 50
3.6數據分析方法 50
第四章 結果與討論 51
4.1模槽水質監測結果 51
4.2水質濃度變化與趨勢 51
4.2.1水溫 51
4.2.2氫離子濃度指數 52
4.2.3溶氧 53
4.2.4導電度與鹽度 54
4.2.5氧化還原電位 56
4.2.6懸浮固體物與濁度 57
4.2.7磷與其化合物 59
4.2.8氮及其化合物 61
4.2.9化學需氧量 66
4.2.10總有機碳 67
4.2.11葉綠素a 68
4.3不同模槽水質參數與營養鹽釋放量之相關性 69
4.3.1與總氮釋放有顯著相關性之探討 69
4.3.2與總磷釋放有顯著相關性之探討 69
4.4底泥項目含量實驗期間前後變化 76
4.4.1底泥氫離子濃度指數 76
4.4.2底泥氧化還原電位 77
4.4.3底泥導電度 78
4.4.4底泥有機質 79
4.4.5底泥有機碳 80
4.4.6底泥氨氮 80
4.4.7底泥亞硝酸鹽氮 81
4.4.8底泥硝酸鹽氮 82
4.4.9底泥有機氮 83
4.4.10底泥可溶性正磷酸鹽 84
4.4.11底泥可溶性總磷 85
4.4.12底泥總磷 86
4.5修復後九番埤底泥評價 87
4.5.1修復後底泥綜合污染指數評價 88
4.5.2修復後底泥有機指數評價 88
4.6植體分析結果 89
4.6.1水體濁度對金魚藻相對生長量的影響 89
4.6.2水體濁度對金魚藻葉綠素含量的影響 89
4.6.3水體濁度對金魚藻總醣含量的影響 90
4.6.4水體濁度對金魚藻光合作用速率的影響 91
4.6.5水體濁度對金魚藻SOD活性的影響 92
4.6.6水體濁度對金魚藻POD活性的影響 92
4.6.7水體濁度對金魚藻MDA含量的影響 93
4.7植物復育相關性分析 94
第五章 結論與建議 97
5.1結論 97
5.2建議 98
參考文獻 99
附錄A－水質項目連續監測數據 105
附錄B－底泥分析數據 110

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