對於污水處理除了建造傳統的污水處理廠外，建設污水處理型人工溼地除對於民眾有較高的接受度外，溼地生態系統額外可提供許多的優點，例如像是可提供野生動物之棲息地、提供教育研究、景觀遊憩及改善水質等；但濕地長期被水淹沒的狀態，使得土壤長時間保持在厭氧狀態，而內部的厭氧性微生物相當活躍，可進行脫硝作用及甲烷生成作用，甲烷生成作用將有機碳轉變為甲烷再釋放到大氣中，致使排出較二氧化碳更為增強溫室效之溫室氣體甲烷。
本研究為探討不同環境之下的人工溼地運作情況，其設置四個模槽組分別為填料為普通土壤的1槽、填料中添加污泥及種植蘆葦的2槽、填料中僅添加污泥的3槽，以及填料中添加污泥及種植紅海欖的4槽。在進流水水質操控條件方面，包含進流水中含有不同鹽度及硫酸鹽等之人工污水，以研究其氮處理效果及對於甲烷排放之抑制作用。研究結果顯示，2槽在進流硫酸鹽水體參數時有86.72 %的總氮去除率，為全部測值中最高的，硫酸鹽有效加強脫氮作用的進行，硫酸鹽經硫酸還原作用生成硫化物，可促使Thiobacillus denitrificans (脫硝硫桿菌)以硫化物進行脫硝作用，而不論是何種水體參數條件下，各槽體的甲烷的釋放量並未有顯著的差別。

In addition to construction of traditional sewage treatment plants, construction of constructed wetlands has become an alternative process for wastewater treatment. The benefits of constructed wetlands include : providing wildlife habitats, environmental education, landscape and entertainment, and improvement of water quality. However, since wetlands could be submerged in water for a long time, causing the soils to remain anaerobic in a long period. The microbial phase in the soils becomes more anaerobic and thus began to achieve more denitrification and methanogenesis. Methanogenesis would convert organic carbon into methane, and then releases the gas into the atmosphere as greenhouse gas resulting in stronger greenhouse effect than carbon dioxide. Methane (CH4) is estimated to have a value of global warm potential (GWP) of 28.Companing to the value of is carbon dioxide(CO2) equal to 1.
In the study, four same size of mesocosms of constructed wetlands were built. The four constructed wetland basins were controlled by four different conditions, as followings : tank #1 (no sludge, no vegetation), tank #2 (sludge, vegetated with the Wood-plant of Rhizophora stylosa), tank #3 (sludge, no vegetation), and tank #4 (sludge, vegetated with the herbal of Phragmites australis). In additions, five different types of influents controlled with different additions of chemical parameters. For analyzing the effect of salinity and sulfate on treatment efficiencies and methane emissions for nitrogenous wastewaters. The experimental results of this study showed that the highest percentage of removal efficiency of total nitrogen could be reached to 86.72 % in tank #2, under the condition of influent containing sulfate. Sulfate-reducing microorganisms could perform anaerobic respiration utilizing sulfate (SO42–) as terminal electron acceptor, reducing it to hydrogen sulfide(H2S) or other sulfide. The species of Thiobacillus denitrificans could achieve the oxidation of inorganic sulfur compounds and reduction of oxidized nitrogen compounds (such as nitrate, nitrite) to nitrogen. Methane emissions is non-significant difference by five different types of influents.

論文審定書 i
致謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 vi
圖目錄 ix
表目錄 xi
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究架構 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1 濕地的介紹 4
2.1.1 濕地的定義 4
2.1.2 濕地的類型 5
2.1.3 濕地的價值與功能 7
2.2 濕地的元素循環 8
2.2.1 碳循環與氣體排放 8
2.2.2 氮循環與氣體排放 11
2.2.3 硫循環 13
2.3 溫室氣體介紹 16
2.3.1 溫室氣體的來源與種類 16
2.3.2 全球暖化潛勢（Global warming potential, GWP） 17
2.3.3 甲烷排放現況 18
第三章 研究方法 20
3.1 研究對象與規劃 20
3.1.1 槽體設計 20
3.1.2 槽體植物種類介紹 22
3.1.3 進流水體參數設定 24
3.2 採樣及分析 25
3.2.1 採樣時間規劃 25
3.2.2 甲烷氣體連續監測方法 26
3.2.3 水質採樣與保存 28
3.2.3 水質分析與方法 28
3.3 數據分析方法與統計 32
第四章 結果與討論 33
4.1背景介紹 33
4.2 人工溼地差異、氣象條件 33
4.3 現場監測水質變化 34
4.3.1 水溫 34
4.3.2 酸鹼值(pH值) 35
4.3.3 氧化還原電位 36
4.3.4 溶氧 37
4.3.5 鹽度 39
4.4 葉綠素a 40
4.5 磷與其化合物 41
4.6 懸浮固體與濁度 44
4.7 氮與其化合物 45
4.7.1 亞硝酸鹽氮 45
4.7.2 硝酸鹽氮 47
4.7.3 氨氮 48
4.7.4 總凱氏氮 49
4.7.5 總氮及其去除率 50
4.8 生化需氧量(Biochemical oxygen demand, BOD) 54
4.9 總有機碳(Total organic carbon , TOC) 55
4.10 CH4排放濃度變化趨勢 55
4.11環境參數與水質相關性之分析 60
第五章 結論與建議 61
5.1 結論 61
5.2 建議 62
參考資料 63
附錄A-水質監測原始數據 66
附錄B-人工溼地模擬槽圖 72
附錄C-甲烷氣體連續監測原始數據 74

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