隨著科技的進步，逐步改善人類的生活與醫療衛生環境，使全球人口持續成長，現今世界人口大約76億人，到2050年時，世界人口推估將成長至98億，這使糧食需求增加一倍，為了因應糧食需求，增加農產品的種植，也增加了溫室氣體的產量破壞自然生態，進而影響食品安全。自然界的元素以不同形式存在，各物種的毒性及特性也不盡相同，透過物種分析能更幫助消費者了解食品安全。
第一部分研究以液相層析結合感應耦合電漿質譜儀分析食米中As(Ⅴ)、Monometylarsonic acid、As(Ⅲ)、Dimethy;arsenic acid和Arsenobetaine五種砷物種。實驗使用ZORBAX SB-Aq C18作為管柱，透過物種極性及電荷的差異，以等位沖堤方式快速的在4分鐘內分離五種砷物種，分離後通過感應耦合電漿質譜儀定量，為了減輕砷在偵測時的光譜干擾，以氧氣作為DRC反應氣體，將75As+反應成75As16O+，去除40Ar35Cl+及40Ca35Cl+等多原子離子干擾，同時利用碰撞聚焦提升訊號，使偵測極限介於0.005-0.006 ng mL-1。砷物種的滯留時間、波峰高度及波峰面積之相對偏差皆小於3.0%，且添加回收率皆介於98-102%之間，說明實驗方法的精確性與可行性。
第二部分研究利用逆相管柱串聯感應耦合電漿質譜儀測定嬰兒奶粉中無機碘離子與溴離子，以四丁基磷酸二氫銨作為離子對試劑，藉由相異的吸引力使I－、IO3－、Br－及BrO3－四種物種完整分離，並在最適化層析條件下以梯度沖堤方式在五分鐘內完全分離四種物種。為了能夠減輕樣品基質中同質量多原子離子的光譜干擾，以氧氣作為DRC反應氣體，有效降低背景訊號及偵測極限。連續注入碘及溴標準品進入HPLC-DRC-ICP-MS五次後，分析物訊號之波鋒面積和分析物訊號之高度的RSD皆小於4.4%。本實驗以7.5% (m/v) NaOH混合2.5% (m/v) Na2CO3作為萃取試劑，快速的在5分鐘完成萃取，並且成功以此萃取方法結合HPLC-DRC-ICP-MS應用於NIST SRM 8435 Whole Milk Powder及市售三種嬰兒奶粉中進行分離及偵測。

Technological development, has enormously improved human life time which progressively leads to better sanitation around the global, which impacted to growth of human population. The current world population of 7.6 billion is expected to achieve 9.8 billion by 2050. Food production must double by 2050 to meet the demand of the world's growing population. Increase production would raise greenhouse gas levels, compromise ecosystems, and pollute our waters. The environmental challenges posed by agriculture are huge. We will require as much attention to our diets, and improving food security worldwide. Speciation of trace elements provides more specific information about real status and impact of given elements in a system. In addition, species identification is more beneficial to enhance food safety for consumers.
Here we proposed that, HPLC-ICP-MS for the determination of As(Ⅴ), MMA, As(Ⅲ), DMA and also AsB in various rice samples were systematically analyzed. To further improvement, the chromatographed was performed by reversed phase chromatography with ZORBAX SB-Aq C18 column. Besides, chromatographic separation of all these species were achieved in with 4 min in isocratic elution mode. The determination of arsenic by ICP-MS always suffer from interference of multiple ions originating from complicated matrix, which are mainly concerning 40Ar35Cl+, 40Ca35Cl+, etc. In order exclude these possibilities additional experimental setup were introduced, DRC-ICP-MS with oxygen as reaction gas transfer the mass to 75As16O+ which could be easily detected at m/z 91. The detection limit of arsenic species were in the range of 0.005-0.006 ng mL-1 which is lower than the others study. Reproducibility of retention time, peak height and peak area were better than 3.0%. In addition to, the spike recoveries in NIST SRM 1568a were in the range of 98-103% were obtained based on this proposed method.
Second part of the research were focused on ion-pair reversed phase chromatography coupled with ICP-MS for the determination of inorganic iodine and inorganic bromine in infant formula. The several other species of iodate, iodide, bromate and bromide were attained in less than 5 min using a gradient elution program and adding tetrabutylammonium phosphate as ion-pair agent. However, potentially interfering of 38Ar40ArH+ and 40Ar40ArH+ at the bromine were reduced by DRC system using O2 as reaction gas. To further enhancement, DRC system was successfully applied to reduce the iodine and bromine background. Taking in to the advantage, the relative standard deviation iodine and bromine mixture was better than 4.4%. Based on that, iodine and bromine were quantitatively leached with an 7.5% m/v NaOH mixed 2.5% m/v Na2CO3 at 90 ℃ during a period of 5 min. The proposed method has been applied to the determination of iodine and bromine in NIST SRM 8435 Whole Milk Powder reference material and three infant formula samples purchased from local market were quantified successfully.

目錄
論文審定書 i
誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 vi
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 x

第一章 液相層析結合感應耦合電漿質譜儀於食米中砷化合物之分析應用
壹、前言 1
一、研究背景 1
二、動態反應槽 3
貳、實驗部分 6
一、儀器裝置 6
二、藥品及溶液的配製 9
參、實驗過程 11
一、液相層析條件最適化探討 11
二、DRC-ICP-MS系統最適化探討 11
三、再現性 14
四、校正曲線與偵測極限的預估 14
五、真實樣品製備與分析 14
肆、結果與討論 19
一、液相層析分離條件最適化 19
二、ICP-MS系統條件最適化 30
三、再現性 39
四、校正曲線與偵測極限 39
五、萃取條件最適化 39
六、真實樣品分析 40
伍、結論 59
陸、參考文獻 60

第二章 液相層析結合感應耦合電漿質譜儀於嬰兒食品中碘及溴物種之分析應用
壹、前言 64
貳、實驗部分 67
一、儀器裝置與設備 67
二、藥品及溶液的配製 69
參、實驗過程 71
一、液相層析條件最適化探討 71
二、DRC-ICP-MS系統最適化探討 71
三、再現性 71
四、校正曲線與偵測極限的預估 72
五、真實樣品製備與分析 72
肆、結果與討論 77
一、液相層析分離條件最適化 77
二、DRC系統最適化 85
三、再現性 86
四、校正曲線與偵測極限 86
五、萃取條件最適化 92
六、真實樣品分析 98
伍、結論 106
陸、參考資料 107

第一章 液相層析結合感應耦合電漿質譜儀於食米中砷化合物之分析應用
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第二章 液相層析結合感應耦合電漿質譜儀於嬰兒食品中碘及溴物種之分析應用
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