本論文實現了一操作於2.4 GHz，運用鎖頻迴路機制(frequency-locked loop, FLL)改善雷達訊雜比(signal-to-noise ratio, SNR)之非接觸生理感測系統。生理訊號為胸腔和心跳的微小擺幅所組成的相位變化，隨著量測距離的增加，其被雷達所偵測到的相位變化量亦會有所減少，此時若雷達無法提供穩定的振盪源訊號，或是能將所偵測的相位變化訊號放大，則生理訊號將有可能被振盪源自身的頻率偏移所覆蓋，而無法被偵測。鎖頻迴路能有效地在迴路頻寬內，將壓控振盪器之相位雜訊抑制，使得振盪源本身輸出的頻率更加穩定，減少自身的頻率偏移量。本論文將此特性運用在改善雷達系統上，得到其可以同時放大載波因調制訊號所引起的頻率偏移量、及降低迴路雜訊的效果，使雷達輸出訊號的訊雜比更好，改善了一般雷達訊雜比不足的缺點，將量測呼吸心跳的有效距離拉長至5 m以上，達到更好的生理訊號量測靈敏度。

This thesis presents a non-contact vital sign sensing system that use a frequency- locked loop (FLL) to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The vital signs are the phase change caused by the small movement of the chest. The small movement comes from the respiration and heartbeats.
Generally, the detected vital signs degraded as the measurement distance increases. Under this condition, the detected vital sign will probably be cover by the phase noise of radar. The FLL can efficiently suppress the phase noise of the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) within the bandwidth of FLL, so that the frequency of the oscillation source can be more stable, and reduce its own frequency deviation. This thesis utilize this characteristic to improve the radar system. Besides, the FLL structure can simultaneously amplify the vital-sign signal, and reduce the phase noise of the radar system. Then make the SNR of the radar system better. These advantages make that the effective detection distance of the radar is extended to more than 5 m.

論文審定書 i
論文公開授權書 ii
誌謝 iii
摘要 iv
Abstract v
目錄 vi
圖次 viii
表次 x
第一章 緒論 1
1-1研究背景與動機 1
1-2 生理感測器的沿革 2
1-3章節規劃 6
第二章 鎖頻迴路改善雷達SNR分析 8
2-1 簡易雷達系統中的雜訊來源 8
2-2 鎖頻迴路抑制迴路相位雜訊的機制 10
2-3 運用鎖頻迴路技術之生理感測器分析 14
2-3-1 鎖頻迴路的電路架構分析 14
2-3-2 生理感測器穩定度分析 20
2-3-3使用ADS模擬感測器系統之效應 22
第三章 運用鎖頻迴路之生理雷達實驗 24
3-1運用鎖頻迴路技術降低壓控振盪器輸出之相位雜訊 24
3-2 雷達靈敏度實驗 27
3-3 使用制動器及人體測試生理雷達性能 31
3-3-1 實驗架設及解調方法介紹 31
3-3-2量測制動器擺幅 32
3-3-3量測生理訊號之實測 36
第四章 結論與未來展望 41
參考文獻 42

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