本篇論文致力於發展基於自我注入鎖定雷達之生命探測器，此系統與傳統相比，具備低功耗及低複雜度之優勢，可望降低雷達硬體成本，並且使用433 MHz訊號而比相同發射功率之更高頻訊號有較強的穿透力、較低的傳播損耗及較大的覆蓋範圍。此外本論文提出藉由相移器消除雜波的方法，使系統不受牆壁反射雜波的影響，而達到系統穩定的效果。本系統操作原理乃由雷達發射一連續波訊號至目標物，經目標物反射回來的訊號注入到433 MHz壓控振盪器中，使該壓控振盪器產生一頻率調制訊號，該訊號經過五倍頻器注入到2.165 GHz的壓控振盪器，其輸出訊號再透過頻率解調器解調獲取生命徵象訊號。本論文核心射頻元件包括433 MHz 和 2.165 GHz兩不同頻率之壓控振盪器，前者為自我注入鎖定振盪器，用來提高連續波雷達的偵測靈敏度；後者為注入鎖定振盪器，具有窄頻濾波與高增益放大的功用。本系統實驗安排是以穿牆方式監測水泥牆後受測者在不同位置且不同姿態下的呼吸訊號，藉此判斷牆後是否具有生命徵象。

This thesis is devoted to the development of life detectors based on self-injection-locked (SIL) radar. The system has the advantages of low power consumption and low complexity when compared to the traditional one, so it has high potential to reduce the cost of system hardware. Moreover, the system uses a 433 MHz signal to achieve better penetration capability, lower propagation loss, and wider coverage than higher frequency signals with the same transmit power. In addition, this thesis proposes a method of eliminating clutter by a phase shifter, so that the system is not affected by the clutter reflected by the wall and can function stably. The operating principle of this system is as follows: the radar transmits a continuous-wave (CW) signal to a target, and receives the signal reflected by the target. The received signal is injected into a 433 MHz voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) to yield a frequency-modulated output signal. This output signal passes through a quintupler and is then injected into a 2.165 GHz VCO. A frequency demodulator demodulates the output signal of the 2.165 GHz VCO to obtain the vital-sign signal. The core RF components of this thesis includes the 433 MHz VCO and the 2.165 GHz VCO. The former serves as an SIL oscillator to improve the detection sensitivity of CW radar, while the latter functions as an injection-locked oscillator to provide narrow-band filtering and high-gain amplification. Finally, the through-wall monitoring experiments with the system was conducted to detect the respiration signal of a subject who was behind a concrete wall with different postures at different positions to determine whether there is a human life behind the wall.

論文審定書 i
論文公開授權書 ii
誌謝 iii
摘要 iv
Abstract v
表次 x
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與背景 1
1-2 章節規劃 7
第二章 系統架構 8
2.1 自我注入鎖定雷達簡介 8
2.2 工作原理 9
2.3 振盪器規格介紹以及介紹 11
2.4 天線場型介紹 14
第三章 實驗設置與結果 17
3.1 零點偵測 17
3.2 天線間距的取決 21
3.3 牆對於系統的影響 22
3.4 雜波消除電路測試 23
3.5 相移器的應用 24
3.6 實驗驗證及系統靈敏度 26
3.7 實驗場景介紹 29
3.8 訊號處理流程圖及實驗結果 31
第四章 未來展望及結論 37
參考文獻 38

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