非接觸式生理訊號雷達是近幾年受到關注的科技，與穿戴式和接觸式生理訊號感測裝置相比，不用受到接線或電池使用時間的限制，生理訊號雷達漸漸受到世人擁戴，既可非接觸式偵測也能穿透障礙物。
本論文以2.4 GHz ISM頻帶作為操作頻帶，結合了自我注入鎖定迴路(Self-Injection-Locked loop, SIL loop)與鎖頻迴路(Frequency-Locked Loop, FLL)兩種機制之生理感測器。本系統操作是由雷達發射一連續波訊號至目標物，經目標物反射回來的訊號分為兩路，一路經由90度相移器注入到壓控振盪器中，另一路與發射訊號通過增益相位檢測器(Gain and Phase Detector, GPD)後，經由迴路濾波器控制振盪器的壓控端，這兩種機制都能使壓控振盪器產生頻率調制訊號，最後使用正交頻率解調器即可獲取生理訊號。自我注入鎖定迴路有極佳的靈敏度與抗雜波能力，而鎖頻迴路能在頻寬內抑制壓控振盪器的相位雜訊，使振盪訊號更加純淨，並且具有追蹤相位能力來解決自我注入鎖定迴路的零點問題，使量測更加方便穩定。

Non-contact vital sign radar has attracted attention in recent years. Compared with wearable and contact-based vital-sign sensors, non-contact vital-sign radar is not limited by connection wires and battery life.
In this thesis, the 2.4 GHz vital sign radar was developed using both self-injection locking (SIL) loop and frequency-locking loop (FLL) mechanisms. The operation of this radar is as follow: The radar transmits a continuous-wave signal to the target. The signal reflected by the target is splitted into two signals; one is injected into the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) through a 90-degree phase shifter to form a SIL loop, and the other is processed by the gain/phase detector (GPD) and loop filter to control the tuning signal of the VCO and thus form a FLL. These two loops make the VCO generate a frequency-modulated signal, and the vital-sign signal can be obtained by quadrature frequency-demodulating the output sinal of the VCO. The SIL loop can aid in achieving good detection sensitivity and clutter rejection, and the FLL can suppress the phase noise of the VCO within the FLL bandwidth. Additionally, the FLL can track the phase relative to the target to resolve the detection null-point problem in the SIL loop so as to make the non-contact vital-sign measurement more convenient and stable.

論文審定書 i
誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 v
圖次 vii
表次 x
第一章 序論 1
1-1 研究背景與動機 1
1-2 生理雷達的發展 2
1-3 章節規劃 7
第二章 運用鎖頻迴路追蹤相位之自我注入鎖定生理雷達 8
2-1 自我注入鎖定雷達 8
2-2 鎖頻迴路 14
2-3 運用鎖頻迴路追蹤相位之自我注入鎖定雷達 18
2-3-1 時域分析 19
2-3-2 頻域分析 20
2-3-3訊號雜訊比分析 21
2-3-4生理雷達之增益偵測與互相關技術運用 24
第三章 生理感測實驗 26
3-1 雷達系統 26
3-2 訊號雜訊比量測實驗 30
3-2-1電路元件測試 30
3-3-2致動器量測實驗 32
3-3 人體生理訊號量測實驗結果 39
3-3-1人體隨機擺動時之生理訊號偵測 39
3-3-2 跑步機上運動人體之生理訊號檢測 42
第四章 結論與未來展望 49
參考資料 50

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