台灣自2002年起，針對購物用塑膠袋進行減量措施，2018年擴大管制對象，相關減塑政策實行近20年。根據官方統計，一次性塑膠袋限用政策在管制內商家的成效卓越，然而，從歷年國內塑膠袋內銷量（含間接外銷）可推測需求量並未減少，同時因2020年COVID-19疫情爆發，導致一次性塑膠用量增加。為了解非限塑政策管制之消費場域現況及其減用塑膠袋之可能性，本文冀以非管制商家的消費環境為調查場域，並以「計畫行為理論」為架構（Theory of Planned Behavior，以下簡稱TPB），結合消費者感知便利性、情境因素、過去行為，建構一擴展之TPB模型，以探討消費者於外帶飲食時使用一次性塑膠袋的減用意願（以下簡稱外帶減塑意圖），並試圖了解影響消費者意圖的主要因子為何。
檢視前述模型，本研究採取觀察法、訪談法後，並進行問卷調查，再針對問卷調查所獲得之樣本資料，以SmartPLS3和SPSS24進行分析。首先，於2021年4月16日至5月10日於高雄10大觀光夜市發放紙本問卷，有效樣本共415份。其次，分析結果如下：一、情境因素正向影響態度、主觀規範和知覺行為控制，然而對外帶減塑意圖則無直接效果；二、便利性和過去行為正向影響知覺行為控制和減塑意圖；三、整體模型中，知覺行為控制對外帶減塑意圖的直接效果最強且具中等效果的解釋能力，其次則為主觀規範。
以上結果顯示，使消費者外帶減塑行為更加便利，同時形塑友善的減塑外帶消費環境，有助於增強消費者的知覺行為控制。而當消費者對於自身能力的控制感知越強，則越有助於未來實踐外帶飲食減塑之行為。未來研究可以針對實踐外帶減塑行為的消費者進行更深入的探討，以了解實際消費情境下，外帶減塑可能存在的障礙。

Taiwan's Environmental Protection Agency has taken measures to reduce the number of plastic bags used in shopping. Relevant policies on reducing plastics have been implemented for nearly 20 years since 2002. In 2018, the restriction on plastic bags has expanded to more stores. According to the official statistics, the latest plastic bag restriction policy has achieved an excellent result. However, the number of plastic bags sold domestically (including indirect export) each year has not decreased. At the same time, due to the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the amount of single-use plastics has increased again. In order to better understand consumers’ intentions to use plastic bags, this research takes night markets in Kaohsiung as examples of non-regulated locations. An extended Theory of Planned Behavior model, combining consumer perception of convenience, contextual factors and past behavior, is developed to explore consumers' intention as well as drivers of reducing plastic bags with takeaway meals and drinks.
The research first employs observation and interviews to investigate consumers' behavior of using plastic bags. The above data, along with literature reviewed, also benefits the construction of the questionnaire. Questionnaires were distributed at the top 10 tourist night markets in Kaohsiung from April 16 to May 10, 2021, with 415 valid samples. SmartPLS3 and SPSS24 software are applied to conduct the estimation.
The results show that contextual factors positively affect attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, but have no significant direct effects on intentions. Convenience and past behavior positively affect perceived behavioral control and intentions. Perceived behavioral control has the strongest direct effect on the intention to reduce the use of plastic bags with takeaway meals and drinks, and the second factor is subjective norms. In other words, consumers' perceived behavioral control is possible to be enhanced by a higher level of convenience for consumers to reduce the use of plastic bags when taking out, and the more friendly take-out environment to reduce plastics. The stronger the consumer’s perception of control over their own capabilities, the more likely they will be practicing plastics reduction in the future. It will be useful to further study the barriers that the consumers who have already practiced plastics reduction have to face in the actual consumption environment in the future research.

論文審定書 ⅰ
誌謝 ⅱ
摘要 ⅲ
Abstract ⅳ
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究動機 6
第三節 研究問題與目的 7
第二章 文獻探討 9
第一節 計畫行為理論 9
第二節 影響消費者使用塑膠袋之因素 12
第三節 情境因素 14
第四節 減塑行動 17
第三章 研究設計 21
第一節 研究架構與研究假設 21
第二節 前期調查研究流程圖 27
第三節 研究範圍、對象和抽樣 29
第四節 問卷設計 32
第四章 研究結果 36
第一節 敘述性統計 36
第二節 信度和效度分析 41
第三節 評鑑結構模型 46
第五章 研究結果討論 53
第一節 擴展之模型檢驗 53
第二節 減塑行為相關調查之平均數意義與討論 56
第六章 實務建議和研究限制 58
第一節 實務建議 58
第二節 研究建議 60
參考文獻 62
附錄一、正式問卷 72

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