本論文提出以六埠電路取代傳統頻率鑑別器中混波器的功能，實現了一操作於2.4 GHz之非接觸式生理感測裝置，此解調架構具有低電路複雜度與高線性度的優勢。當其作為非同調頻率解調器使用時，先透過訊號處理的方式將功率檢測器的非線性及六埠電路的誤差所造成的影響進行校正；可透過電路中的相移器調整兩輸入埠之間的相位差，藉此使兩輸入埠具有特定之相位差。因此可藉由六埠電路中兩路輸出訊號經由處理後得出近似於另兩路輸出訊號的結果，令在解調時取其中兩路輸出訊號進行即可得知生理徵象資訊。降低了類比數位轉換器的使用數目，從而節省了系統成本。實驗部分首先利用訊號產生器驗證理論以及校正的準確性後，透過致動器的擺動使自我注入鎖定振盪器產生頻率調變訊號，並計算其頻率偏移與已知時間延遲所造成的相位變化，確認其結果與頻率解調出的相位變化為一致，最後再進行人體的生理徵象資訊測量。

This thesis proposes to replace the function of the mixer in the traditional frequency discriminator with a six-port circuit to realize the non-contact vital sign sensing device operating at 2.4 GHz. This demodulation architecture has the advantages of low circuit complexity and high linearity. When it is used as a non-coherent frequency demodulator, first, the signal processing method to correct the power detector of nonlinearity and six port circuit error. And the phase difference between the two input ports can be adjusted by the phase shifter in the circuit, so that the two input ports have a specific phase difference. Therefore the two output signals in the six-port can be processed to obtain a result similar to the other two output signals, that the two output signals can be demodulated to obtain vital sign information. Reduced the number of analog to digital converters, thereby save the system costs.The experimental part first uses the signal generator to verify the accuracy of the theory and calibration. Through the swing of the actuator, the self-injected locked oscillator generates a frequency modulation signal. To calculate the phase shift caused by the frequency deviation and the known time delay. Confirm the result is consistent with the phase shift that calculated by the frequency demodulation. Finally, the vital sign information of the human body is measured.

論文審定書 i
誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 v
圖次 vii
表次 x
第一章 序論 1
1.1研究背景與動機..............................................................................................1
1.2文獻回顧..........................................................................................................3
1.2.1鎖相迴路 4
1.2.2微分器 4
1.2.3頻率鑑別器 5
1.3六埠電路..........................................................................................................5
1.3.1六埠應用 6
1.3.2校正方式...............................................................................................8
1.4章節規劃.........................................................................................................11
第二章 基於量測之六埠頻率解調電路校正.............................................................12
2.1六埠頻率解調器.............................................................................................12
2.2功率檢測器.....................................................................................................15
2.3頻率響應.........................................................................................................20
2.3.1直流偏移..............................................................................................20
2.3.2振幅不平衡..........................................................................................23
2.3.3相位偏移 24
2.4校正過程及驗證............................................................................................27
第三章 六埠轉四埠之解調技術 30
3.1實驗架構........................................................................................................30
3.1.1自我注入鎖定振盪器 32
3.2解調推導與分析............................................................................................34
3.3模擬與驗證....................................................................................................36
3.3.1模擬比對 36
3.3.2實際驗證 37
第四章 生理徵象感測實驗 41
4.1初始相位........................................................................................................41
4.2致動器量測....................................................................................................42
4.3生理資訊量測................................................................................................46
第五章 結論與未來展望 50
參考文獻 51

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