現代組織管理中，員工行為對企業運營效率和整體健康至關重要。馬基維利主義者代表著操縱性和權謀策略，這些人在組織內更有可能從事濫用、盜竊和破壞等不當行為。美國公司中有56%的員工有謊報工作時間、上網、欺凌、偷竊等反生產力行為。這些行為不僅損害組織效率，還加劇內部競爭與疏遠。本研究探討馬基維利主義、反生產力行為與時間偷竊之間的關係，並分析道德氛圍的調節作用。通過實證研究，我們希望為企業制定更有效的管理策略，降低反生產力行為，提高運營效率，並營造更健康的工作環境。本研究涵蓋馬基維利主義、反生產力行為與時間偷竊，以道德氛圍為調節變項，對象為全職工作者，採用兩階段問卷調查，共回收有效問卷157份。研究採用統計軟體IBM SPSS22進行信度分析及Mplus6作資料分析工具，結果顯示：一、馬基維利主義與反生產力行為具正向關係；二、馬基維利主義與時間偷竊具正向關係；三、道德氛圍對馬基維利主義與反生產力行為的調節效果未獲支持；四、道德氛圍對馬基維利主義與時間偷竊的調節效果未獲支持。最後，本研究根據結果提出實務管理及未來研究方向的建議。

In modern organizational management, employee behavior is crucial to the operational efficiency and overall health of a business. Machiavellianism represents manipulative and strategic behavior, with individuals exhibiting such traits more likely to engage in misconduct, theft, and sabotage within an organization. Recent surveys indicate employees in American companies engage in counterproductive behaviors such as falsifying work hours, browsing the internet, bullying, and stealing . These actions not only harm organizational efficiency but also exacerbate internal competition and alienation. This study explores the relationship between Machiavellianism, counterproductive work behavior, and time theft, and examines the moderating role of ethical climate. Through empirical research, we aim to provide businesses with more effective management strategies to reduce counterproductive behaviors, improve operational efficiency, and create a healthier work environment. The study covers Machiavellianism, counterproductive work behavior, and time theft, with ethical climate as a moderating variable. It targets full-time employees and utilizes a two-phase questionnaire survey, collecting a total of 157 valid responses. The research employs statistical software IBM SPSS22 for reliability analysis and Mplus6 for data analysis. The results indicate: (1) a positive relationship between Machiavellianism and counterproductive work behavior; (2) a positive relationship between Machiavellianism and time theft; (3) no support for the moderating effect of ethical climate on the relationship between Machiavellianism and counterproductive work behavior; and (4) no support for the moderating effect of ethical climate on the relationship between Machiavellianism and time theft. Finally, based on the results, the study provides recommendations for practical management and future research directions.

論文審定書 i
摘　要 ii
Abstract iii
目　錄 iv
圖　次 vi
表　次 vii
第一章　緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 4
第二章　文獻探討 5
第一節 馬基維利主義 5
第二節 反生產力行為 6
第三節 時間偷竊 7
第四節 道德氛圍 8
第五節 研究假設推導 9
第三章　研究方法 14
第一節 研究架構 14
第二節 研究假設 14
第三節 研究樣本 15
第四節 研究工具 16
第五節 控制變項 20
第六節 資料分析 22
第七節 共同方法變異之查驗 23
第四章　研究結果 26
第一節 各變項之現況分析 26
第二節 人口變項於主要變項之差異檢定 27
第三節 相關係數分析 33
第四節 路徑分析 34
第五節 研究假設驗證之彙整 36
第五章　討論與建議 37
第一節 研究發現與討論 37
第二節 實務管理意涵 38
第三節 研究限制與未來建議 40
參考文獻 43
附　錄 47

一、中文部分
方少筠(2020)。知覺同事反生產力行為、情緒耗竭與離職傾向之關係，以心理資
本、知覺主管支持為調節變項。國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論
文，高雄市。取自https://hdl.handle.net/11296/643538。

魏正安(2022)。組織成員職場排擠對其離職傾向之影響—探討知覺主管支持與馬
基維利主義之干擾作用。國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文，高雄
市。取自https://hdl.handle.net/11296/hvdw8k。

郭奕函(2019)。預期組織變革不確定感對工作退縮行為與時間竊盜影響之研究：
以組織道德氣候為干擾變項。國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文，
高雄市。取自https://hdl.handle.net/11296/dc3pce。

黃宇麟(2017)。工作道德氛圍與離職意願之關係：以員工認同為中介變項。國立
金門大學企業管理學系(原)管理學院創新事業與島嶼經營碩士班碩士論文，
金門。取自https://hdl.handle.net/11296/exhh29。

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