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論文名稱 Title |
從眾效應對海岸旅遊行為影響之研究 Herd Effects on Coastal Travel Behavior |
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系所名稱 Department |
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畢業學年期 Year, semester |
語文別 Language |
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學位類別 Degree |
頁數 Number of pages |
255 |
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研究生 Author |
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指導教授 Advisor |
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召集委員 Convenor |
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口試委員 Advisory Committee |
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口試日期 Date of Exam |
2019-10-16 |
繳交日期 Date of Submission |
2019-10-02 |
關鍵字 Keywords |
從眾效應、社群媒體、海岸旅遊、個案研究 social media, coastal tourism, herd effect, case study |
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統計 Statistics |
本論文已被瀏覽 5906 次,被下載 15 次 The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5906 times, has been downloaded 15 times. |
中文摘要 |
網路社群媒體的發展影響觀光旅遊發展,透過網路至使各景點的知名度快速散佈,許多原本鮮為人知的觀光景點因打卡技術的發展而聲名大噪,造成遊客一窩蜂前往熱門景點旅遊。研究之目的為探討從眾效應對海岸觀光景點的潛在影響,以減緩從眾旅遊行為所產生之衝擊並提出解決之參考策略。研究採個案研究法,選擇自然觀光景點的小野柳、人工觀光景點的水晶教堂及自然非觀光景點的小巴里島岩作為研究基地,透過量化為主、質化為輔的研究方法,進行資料的蒐集與分析,並以西子灣作為驗證地點,最後將整體的分析結果與社群媒體數據進行交叉比對分析。研究結果顯示,遊客在旅遊時受資訊性從眾及規範性從眾的影響,資訊性從眾之關鍵因子為網路,遊客參考的網路資訊大都以非官方社群媒體為主,而規範性從眾分析發現遊客易因網路平台的照片及網路評價決定旅遊意願,且有將照片上傳至網路上與親友分享的從眾行為。針對三種不同類型的景點發現,自然景點不論是否為觀光相關法定劃定之景點,均有良好的旅遊滿意度及重遊意願,且遊客會隨季節有較穩定的造訪與回訪,但自然非觀光景點在網路上爆紅後有突然劇增的遊客;人工為吸引遊客而建的景點雖有較高的旅遊滿意度,但其重遊意願最低,且有遊客突然劇增,但在熱潮過後造訪數減少八成的現象。在不同背景遊客之分析發現,女性遊客、旅遊前有參考網路資料者,以及近期有購買熱門商品之遊客從眾旅遊程度較高。若要減緩從眾旅遊模式,旅遊相關管理單位應瞭解非官方旅遊資訊趨勢、提升官方旅遊資訊的閱讀率並提倡負責任的旅遊行為模式,以及實踐落實不同型態海岸景點之管理策略。本研究提出一旅遊從眾行為的發展架構,可進一步運用於檢視不同地理條件的旅遊景區,藉此促進旅遊及環境的永續發展。 |
Abstract |
The development of social media has affected tourism. The popularity of various tourist sceneries has quickly spread through the Internet, and many originally unknown attractions have become famous through the development of check-in technology, which causes tourists to popular sceneries. This research explores the potential impacts of “herd effects” on coastal scenery; in attempt to eliminate the impacts caused by tourism and further proposed strategies for coastal tourism management. Three types of sceneries are selected as study sites, included Xiaoyeliu, a natural landscape; Crystal Church, an artificial scenery; and Little Bali, a natural place but not developed for tourist-oriented. This research is conducted a mixed of quantitative and qualitative approaches to acquire and analyze data. Sizihwan is a site used to triangulation analyzed with the social media data and demonstrating the results among three study cases. The finding from the research indicated that tourists are affected by both informational and normative conformity while travelling. The key element of informational conformity is the Internet. The Internet information referred to by tourists mostly comes from unofficial social media. Regarding normative conformity, tourists were tempted to make decisions based on photos and comments shared on the Internet, and they showed herd behavior of uploading photos to the Internet to share with others. From the research, Xiaoyeliu showed high tourism satisfaction and revisit intention, and that tourists would visit and revisit them seasonally at a stable frequency. The number of tourists visiting Little Bali surged after the sites became a fad. Crystal Church, which was intentionally built to attract tourists, obtained higher tourism satisfaction but had the lowest revisit intention—the visitation rate declined almost 80% after their quick “herd effects”. Female tourists, tourists who have referenced online information before traveling, and those who have recently purchased popular products have a higher degree of herd behavior in tourism. To decrease “herd effects” in tourism, tourism-related management institutions should understand the message revealed from unofficial tourism sites, improve the visit popularity of official tourism information sites, promote responsible tourism, and put tourism management strategies into practice. This study aims to propose an analytical framework of herd behavior in coastal sceneries that could be applied to all geographical sites. These findings can be used as a basis for strengthening the sustainability of coastal tourism and natural environment. |
目次 Table of Contents |
論文審定書 i 論文公開授權書 ii 誌謝 iii 摘要 iv Abstract v 目錄 vii 圖目錄 xi 表目錄 xiii 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景與動機 1 1.2 研究目的與問題 2 1.3 研究流程 3 1.4 論文架構 5 1.5 特定名詞解釋 5 第二章 文獻回顧 6 2.1 海岸旅遊 6 2.1.1 海岸旅遊之定義 6 2.1.2 海岸旅遊之發展現況 12 2.1.3 海岸旅遊之環境衝擊 14 2.1.4 台灣海岸旅遊之議題與管理 16 2.2 社群媒體發展之應用與對觀光之影響 21 2.2.1 社群媒體之定義與發展 21 2.2.2 社群媒體與觀光旅遊資訊之關聯 25 2.2.3 社群媒體在觀光管理之應用 26 2.2.4 社群媒體對觀光行為之影響 28 2.3 從眾效應 30 2.3.1 從眾效應之定義 30 2.3.2 影響從眾效應之行為面向 31 2.3.3 從眾效應與個人背景特質之關聯性 34 2.4 海岸旅遊從眾效應之衝擊架構 36 2.4.1 遊客從眾行為之理論架構 36 2.4.2 海岸旅遊從眾效應之架構 37 第三章 研究方法 39 3.1 研究調查及分析流程 39 3.2 個案基地 42 3.2.1 小野柳(富岡地質公園) 45 3.2.2 北門水晶教堂 46 3.2.3 小巴里島岩(墾丁秘境) 47 3.2.4 萬里飛碟屋(翡翠灣太空玲瓏屋) 48 3.2.5 西子灣 49 3.2.6 研究基地比較 51 3.3 研究及分析方法 53 3.3.1 文獻分析法 53 3.3.2 社群媒體數據統計 53 3.3.3 官方觀光統計資料 58 3.3.4 實地觀察 60 3.3.5 結構性問卷 61 3.3.6 半結構式訪談 65 第四章 結果分析與討論 67 4.1 小野柳 67 4.1.1 遊客屬性分析 67 4.1.2 旅遊規劃分析 70 4.1.3 從眾效應、重遊意願與旅遊滿意度分析 73 4.2 水晶教堂 75 4.2.1 遊客屬性分析 75 4.2.2 旅遊規劃分析 78 4.2.3 從眾效應、重遊意願與旅遊滿意度分析 81 4.3 小巴里島岩 83 4.3.1 遊客屬性分析 83 4.3.2 旅遊規劃分析 86 4.3.3 從眾效應、重遊意願與旅遊滿意度分析 89 4.4 西子灣(觀景台) 91 4.4.1 遊客屬性分析 91 4.4.2 旅遊規劃分析 94 4.4.3 從眾效應、重遊意願與旅遊滿意度分析 97 4.5 西子灣(防波堤) 99 4.5.1 遊客屬性分析 99 4.5.2 旅遊規劃分析 102 4.5.3 從眾效應、重遊意願與旅遊滿意度分析 105 4.6 受訪者背景與題項之關係 107 4.7 基地與題項之關係 114 4.8 基地統計結果比較分析 116 第五章 從眾性旅遊之發展過程 119 5.1 旅遊前從眾 119 5.1.1 資訊性從眾 119 5.1.2 規範性從眾 121 5.1.3 旅遊前之從眾特性 122 5.2 旅遊中從眾 123 5.2.1 規範性從眾 123 5.2.2 打卡意願比較 124 5.2.3 旅遊中行為之從眾表現 129 5.3 旅遊後從眾 129 5.3.1 重遊意願 130 5.3.2 旅遊滿意度 132 5.3.3 旅遊後之檢討 133 5.4 從眾性旅遊之關鍵議題 133 5.4.1 資訊性從眾 134 5.4.2 規範性從眾 134 5.4.3 重遊意願及旅遊滿意度 135 5.4.4 海岸景點之經營管理與減緩措施 136 第六章 結論與建議 139 6.1 結論 139 6.2 海岸觀光景點從眾效應衝擊之建議 142 6.3 研究限制與後續建議 143 參考文獻 145 中文參考資料 145 英文參考資料 152 附錄一:Instagram擷取之網頁 162 附錄二:問卷(以西子灣為例) 163 附錄三:問卷統計分析相關資料 167 附錄四:影像紀錄解碼表 237 |
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