本文探討了台灣和芬蘭的性別平等政策對女性領導力和經濟賦權的影響，並著重於文化、歷史和政治事件如何影響這兩個國家的性別平等。研究重點關注政治代表性、教育、家庭政策和勞動市場參與等關鍵領域，利用全球性別指數數據進行比較分析。研究表明，兩國早期採用性別配額的做法有相似之處，但文化差異也很大。結果顯示，雖然台灣和芬蘭在性別平等方面處於領先地位，但實現全面性別平等仍存在一些障礙。

This thesis examines the impact of gender equality policies on women’s access to leadership and economic empowerment in Taiwan and Finland, focusing on how cultural, historical, and political events influence gender equality in these two countries. The study investigates key areas including political representation, education, family policy, and labour market participation. A comparative methodology is applied, using data from global gender indexes. The research highlights similarities, such as early adoption of gender quotas, and significant differences, mainly in culture. Findings suggest that while both countries have strong positions on gender equality, barriers remain in achieving complete gender parity.

Thesis validation letter i
Abstract – Chinese ii
Abstract – English iii
Table of figures vi
Table of tables vi
1. Introduction - 1 -
2. Methodology - 4 -
2.1. Methodology - 4 -
2.2. Case selection - 4 -
3. Key definitions - 6 -
3.1. Gender Equality - 6 -
3.2. Economic empowerment - 6 -
3.3. Glass Ceiling - 7 -
4. Literature review: The past - 8 -
4.1. Cultural context - 8 -
4.2. Right to work - 12 -
4.3. Marriage rights - 13 -
4.4. Right to vote - 15 -
4.5. Right to education - 17 -
4.6. Policies about families and working - 20 -
4.7. Women in politics - 22 -
5. Index analyses: The present - 27 -
5.1. Gender Inequality Index - 27 -
5.2. Global Gender Gap Index - 30 -
5.3. Gender Equality Index - 32 -
5.4. Women, Business and the Law indicators - 34 -
5.5. Social Institutions and Gender Index - 40 -
5.6. Economic participation - 42 -
6. Discussion: future - 45 -
6.1. Comparison - 45 -
6.1.1. Similarities - 45 -
6.1.2. Differences - 46 -
6.2. Key issues - 47 -
6.3. Solutions - 50 -
7. Conclusion - 54 -
References - 56 -

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