對於德國公司持續維持競爭力而言，數位化轉型所扮演的角色逐日重要。Z世代將在未來幾年進入勞動市場，被視為促成變革的潛在關鍵。然而，改變是同時需要硬技能和軟技能的。本研究使用了定性訪談來分析 Z世代在推動德國公司的數位化轉型上究竟能發揮多廣的效應。從研究結果來看，可推測 Z世代雖具備著必要的軟技能，硬技能卻仍有提升的空間。然而，透過正當的新員工入職程序，即可以彌補硬技能上的缺乏。

Digital transformation is becoming increasingly important for German companies to re-main competitive. Generation Z, which will enter the labor market in the coming years, is seen as the key potential accelerator of change. However, change requires both hard and soft skills. This paper uses qualitative interviews to analyze the extent to which Generation Z can advance German companies in digital transformation. As a result, it can be stated that Generation Z has the necessary soft skills, but that there is room for improvement in hard skills. Nevertheless, this hard skill deficiency can be diminished with the right onboarding processes.

Table of Contents
Thesis Validation Letter i
Thesis Authorization Letter ii
摘要 iii
Abstract English iv
1. Introduction 1
2. Definitions 3
2.1 Digital Transformation 3
2.2 Generation Z 4
3. Literature Review on Skills Necessary for Digital Transformation 5
3.1 Hard Skills 5
Technology Management 6
Data Management 7
3.2 Soft Skills 8
Teamwork 9
Communication 10
Creativity 10
Adaptability 11
Curiosity 11
4. Research Design 12
4.1 Research Method 12
4.2 Semi-structured Interview 12
4.3 Sample 13
4.2 Data Analysis 14
4.4 Data Collection 15
4.5 Interviewees 16
Interviewee A 16
Interviewee B 17
Interviewee C 17
Interviewee D 18
5. Analysis of Gen Z’s Qualities as Accelerators for Digital Transformation 19
5.1 Hard Skills of Gen Z Willing to Start in the German Workforce 19
Technology Management 20
Data Management 22
5.2 Soft Skills of Gen Z Willing to Start in the German Workforce 23
Teamwork 23
Communication 26
Creativity 27
Adaptability 28
Curiosity 29
5.3 Implications for Onboarding Gen Z 30
6. Discussion 32
6.1 Gen Z’s Hard Skills Show Room for Improvement 32
6.2 Gen Z’s Soft Skills Seem Well Developed 33
6.3 Onboarding Gen Z as Accelerators for Digital Transformation 36
6.4 Managerial Implications 36
7. Conclusion 37
References 38
Appendix 41

References
Ahmed, A. (2020). Culture Awareness in the Workplace. Smallbusiness. https://smallbusiness.chron.com/culture-awareness-workplace-737.html
Anderson, E. (2016). Learning to Learn. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2016/03/learning-to-learn
Beer, P., & Mulder, R. H. (2020). The Effects of Technological Developments on Work and Their Impli-cations for Continuous Vocational Education and Training: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 918. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00918
Börner, K., Scrivner, O., Gallant, M., Ma, S., Liu, X., Chewning, K., Wu, L., & Evans, J. A. (2018). Skill discrepancies between research, education, and jobs reveal the critical need to supply soft skills for the data economy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115(50), 12630–12637. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1804247115
Boyles, M. (2022). What Is Creative Problem-Solving & Why Is It Important? Harvard Business School. https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/what-is-creative-problem-solving
Brown, P., & Souto-Otero, M. (2020). The end of the credential society? An analysis of the relationship between education and the labour market using big data. Journal of Education Policy, 35(1), 95–118. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680939.2018.1549752
Capgemini. (2011). Digital transformation: A roadmap for billion dollar organizations. Cambridge: MIT Center for Digital Business and Capgemini Consulting. https://www.capgemini.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Digital_Transformation__A_Road-Map_for_Billion-Dollar_Organizations.pdf
Chillakuri, B. (2020). Understanding Generation Z expectations for effective onboarding. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 33(7), 1277–1296. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-02-2020-0058
Cisco (2018). So gut ist Deutschland auf die Digitalisierung vorbereitet: Cisco Gigital Readiness Index. https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/global/de_de/solutions/digital-transformation/deutschland/digital_readiness_index_web.pdf
Crichton, D. (2020). The No-Code Generation is arriving. Techcrunch. https://techcrunch.com/2020/10/26/the-no-code-generation-is-arriving/
Danos, S. (2022). 7 soft skills IT teams need to drive digital transformation. Smartsheet. https://www.smartsheet.com/content-center/executive-center/digital-transformation/7-soft-skills-it-teams-need-drive-digital
Deloitte Danmark. (2021). Deloitte Global Resilience Report. Deloitte Danmark. https://www2.deloitte.com/dk/da/pages/about-deloitte/articles/2021-deloitte-global-resilience-report.html?id=us:2el:3dp:wsjspon:awa:WSJCMO:2022:WSJFY22
Digital Skills Global. (n.d.). The Top 10 Digital Skills Tech Companies are Looking for Today. Digital Skills Global. https://digitalskillsglobal.com/blog/the-top-10-digital-skills-tech-companies-are-looking-for-today
Dimock, M. (2019). Defining generations: Where Millennials end and Generation Z begins. Tony Silva. http://tony-silva.com/eslefl/miscstudent/downloadpagearticles/defgenerations-pew.pdf
EY etventure. (n.d.). Was ist digitale Transformation?etventure. https://www.etventure.de/digitale-transformation/
Frankiewicz, B., & Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2020). Digital transformation is about talent, not technolo-gy. Jasper Donkers. https://www.jasperdonkers.nl/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/20200507-hbr-digital-transformation-is-about-talent-not-technology.pdf
Gabrielova, K., & Buchko, A. A. (2021). Here comes Generation Z: Millennials as managers. Business Horizons, 64(4), 489–499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2021.02.013
Girardin, M. (2022). What Are Hard Skills? Definition and Examples. The Forage. https://www.theforage.com/blog/basics/hard-skills
Haas, M. (2016). The Secrets of Great Teamwork. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2016/06/the-secrets-of-great-teamwork
Herrity, J. (2022). Top 10 Communication Skills for Career Success. Indeed. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/resumes-cover-letters/communication-skills
Hong, W., Thong, J. Y. L., Chasalow, L. C., & Dhillon, G. (2011). User Acceptance of Agile Information Systems: A Model and Empirical Test. Journal of Management Information Systems, 28(1), 235–272. https://doi.org/10.2753/mis0742-1222280108
Höttges, T. (2017). Foreword. In F. Abolhassan (Ed.), The drivers of digital transformation: Why There’s No Way Around the Cloud (pp. V–IX).
Jones, C. M., McCarthy, R., & Halawi, L. (2010). Utilizing the technology acceptance model to assess the employee adoption of information systems security measures. J. Intl. Technol. Inf. Manag.(19), 43–56.
Kenton, W. (2010). Soft Skills. Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/soft-skills.asp
Koyanagi, S. (2018). Impact of Intercultural Communication During Short-term Study-abroad of Japa-nese Students: Analysis from a Perspective of Cognitive Modification. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 47(2), 105–120. https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2018.1435423
Kramer, J. (2018). SCRUM vs. Design Thinking – Same, same but different! LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/scrum-vs-design-thinking-same-different-jennifer-kint/
Kurzlechner, W. (2015). Wucht von Industrie 4.0 wird unterschätzt - cio.de. Roland Berger & McKinsey. https://www.cio.de/a/print/wucht-von-industrie-4-0-wird-unterschaetzt,3107422
Marshall, M. N. (1996). Sampling for qualitative research. Family Practice, 13(6), 522–525. https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/13.6.522
Mayring, P. (2002). Einführung in die qualitative Sozialforschung: Eine Anleitung zu qualitativem Den-ken (5.th ed.). Beltz-Studium. Beltz Verlag.
Mayring, P., & Fenzl, T. (2019). Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse. In N. Baur & J. Blasius (Eds.), Springer e-Book Collection. Handbuch Methoden der empirischen Sozialforschung (2nd ed., pp. 633–648). Springer VS. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-21308-4_42
MindTools. (n.d.). How to Be Flexible in the Workplace: Responding to Change Quickly and Positively. MindTools. https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/flexibility-at-work.htm
Oberländer, M., Beinicke, A., & Bipp, T. (2020). Digital competencies: A review of the literature and ap-plications in the workplace. Computers & Education, 146, 103752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103752
Oliveira, K. K. d. S., & Souza, R. A. C. de (2021). Digital Transformation towards Education 4.0. Infor-matics in Education. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.15388/infedu.2022.13
Özdil, E. (n.d.). Digitale Transformation einfach erklärt: Alles was du wissen musst! WeClapp. https://www.weclapp.com/de/lexikon/digitale-transformation/
Pichler, S., Kohli, C., & Granitz, N. (2021). DITTO for Gen Z: A framework for leveraging the uniqueness of the new generation. Business Horizons, 64(5), 599–610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2021.02.021
Potts, D. (2015). Understanding the Early Career Benefits of Learning Abroad Programs. Journal of Stud-ies in International Education, 19(5), 441–459. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315315579241
Pratt, M. K. (2018). What is hard skills? Techtarget. https://www.techtarget.com/searchcio/definition/hard-skills
Rabe, L. (2021). Digitalisierung als Chance oder Risiko für Handelsunternehmen in Deutschland 2021. Statista. https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/1063418/umfrage/betrachtung-der-digitalisierung-als-chance-oder-risiko-fuer-unternehmen-in-deutschland/
Rankis, N. (2018). Scrum – an Agile Approach to Digital Transformation. IIOT World. https://www.iiot-world.com/industrial-iot/digital-disruption/scrum-an-agile-approach-to-digital-transformation/
Robert Half. (2015). Get Ready For Generation Z. Robert Half. https://www.roberthalf.com/sites/default/files/Media_Root/images/rh-pdfs/rh_0715_wp_genz_nam_eng_sec.pdf
Rudnicka, J. (2018). Umfrage zum Digitalisierungsgrad in deutschen Unternehmen nach Unternehmens-größe 2018. Statista. https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/870015/umfrage/umfrage-zum-digitalisierungsgrad-in-deutschen-unternehmen-nach-unternehmensgroesse/
Salmons, J. (2014). Qualitative Online Interviews: Strategies, Design, and Skills. SAGE Publications.
Schallmo, D., & Rusnjak, A. (2021). Roadmap zur Digitalen Transformation von Geschäftsmodellen. In D. Schallmo, A. Rusnjak, J. Anzengruber, T. Werani, & K. Lang (Eds.), Schwerpunkt Business Model Innovation. Digitale Transformation von Geschäftsmodellen: Grundlagen, Instrumente und Best Practices (2nd ed., pp. 1–36). Springer Gabler. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-31980-9_1
Schnetzer, S. (2019). Generation Z verstehen - wie tickt Sie und warum? Simon Schnetzer. https://simon-schnetzer.com/generation-z/
Schwab, K. (2015, December 12). The Fourth Industrial Revolution: What It Means and How to Re-spond. Foreign Affairs Magazine. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/world/fourth-industrial-revolution
Seemiller, C., & Grace, M. (2016). Generation Z goes to college. Jossey-Bass. https://doi.org/Corey
Sladek, S., & Grabinger, A. (2018). Gen Z: The first generation of the 21st Century has arrived! XYZ University. https://www.xyzuniversity.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/GenZ_Final-dl1.pdf
Sousa, M. J., & Rocha, Á. (2019). Digital learning: Developing skills for digital transformation of organi-zations. Future Generation Computer Systems, 91, 327–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2018.08.048
Talukder, M. (2012). Factors affecting the adoption of technological innovation by individual employ-ees: An Australian study. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 40, 52–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.03.160
Top Employers Institute. (n.d.). Millennials are tech savvy. Gen Z’s are tech native. Top Employers. https://www.top-employers.com/de/insights/talent-strategy/millennials-are-tech-savvy.-gen-zs-are-tech-native/
Trenerry, B., Chng, S., Wang, Y., Suhaila, Z. S., Lim, S. S., Lu, H. Y., & Oh, P. H. (2021). Preparing Work-places for Digital Transformation: An Integrative Review and Framework of Multi-Level Fac-tors. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 620766. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.620766
Turner, J. R., Baker, R., & Thurlow, N. (2022). Creativity and Innovative Processes: Assemblages and Lines of Flight. Systems, 10(5), 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems10050168
Udacity, & Ipsos. (2022). Talent Transformation Global Impact Report. Udacity. https://www.udacity.com/www-proxy/contentful/assets/2y9b3o528xhq/5hC9FFmXKkHxuiU5BiZrUG/dcca12551753ba5691da10c02440fd7b/Udacity-Ipsos-Talent-Transformation-Global-Impact-Report.pdf
van Nuys, A. (2019, December 28). Upskill Your Employees with the Skills Companies Need Most in 2020. LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/business/learning/blog/learning-and-development/most-in-demand-skills-2020
Waight, C. L., Kjerfve, T. N., Kite, A., & Smith, B. (2022). Connecting and relating in Brazil: implications of remote work. Human Resource Development International, 25(2), 231–253. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2022.2048435
Williams, T. R. (2005). Exploring the Impact of Study Abroad on Students’ Intercultural Communication Skills: Adaptability and Sensitivity. Journal of Studies in International Education, 9(4), 356–371. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315305277681
Yello. (2019). Introducing the First Graduating Class of Generation Z. Yello. Fhttps://yello.co/blog/introducing-the-first-graduating-class-of-generation-z/
Zay, L. (2022). The Top 17 In-demand Soft Skills for 2022 You Need to Master. Hi Hello. https://www.hihello.me/blog/the-top-in-demand-soft-skills-you-need-to-master