本論文著重探討共情與社會創業意向之間的關係，並在社會創業自我效能感和性別調節中發揮中介作用。為實現研究目標，收集了 232 名台灣商業和管理初級和高級學生的樣本。研究結果表明，同理心不會直接導致學生的社會創業意向。 相反，同理心對社會創業意向的影響是通過社會創業自我效能來解釋的。研究發現社會創業自我效能感在同理心和社會創業意向之間的關係中起完全中介作用。然而，本文未能證實性別在同理心與社會創業意向之間的關係中起調節作用。這一結果表明，儘管眾所周知女性具有更高水平的同理心，但這並不意味著她們會同時傳遞更高水平的社會創業意向。一種可能的解釋可能是該國女性的社會創業自我效能水平差異和感知創業障礙。從研究結果來看，對家庭、教師、社會創業教育者和台灣政府提出了實際和管理上的啟示。未來的研究可以擴大樣本量並關注另一個性別方面，如性別角色取向，以更好地研究同理心與社會創業意願之間的聯繫。

This thesis focuses on investigating the relationship between empathy and social entrepreneurial intention (SEI) with the mediation of social entrepreneurial self-efficacy (SSE) and the moderation of gender. A sample of 232 Taiwanese business and managerial junior and senior students were collected to achieve the research goal. Findings show that empathy does not directly lead to SEI among students. Instead, the impact of empathy on SEI is explained via SSE. The study finds the complete mediation of SSE in the empathy - SEI link. However, this thesis fails to confirm gender as a moderator in the empathy - SEI relationship. This result shows that although females are known to have a higher level of empathy, it does not simultaneously mean that they will deliver a higher level of SEI. One possible explanation might be SSE level differences and perceived entrepreneurial barriers for women in the country. From the research results, practical and managerial implications have been made for families, teachers, social entrepreneurship educators, and the government of Taiwan. Future studies could expand the sample size and focus on another gender aspect like gender-role orientation to better investigate the empathy – SEI link.

THESIS VALIDATION LETTER i
摘 要 ii
ABSTRACT iii
TABLE OF FIGURES vi
TABLE OF TABLES vii
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. Background 1
1.1.1. Research Problem 1
1.1.2. The context of Taiwan 4
1.2. Research Objectives 5
1.3. Motivation 7
1.4. Structure 8
2. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS DEVELOPMENT 9
2.1. Empathy and social entrepreneurial intention (SEI) 9
2.2. Social entrepreneurial self-efficacy (SSE) as the mediator in the link between empathy and SEI 12
2.2.1. Self-efficacy 12
2.2.2. Social entrepreneurial self-efficacy (SSE) and empathy 13
2.2.3. Social entrepreneurial self-efficacy (SSE) and social entrepreneurial intention (SEI) 15
2.2.4. The mediating role of SSE in the relationship between empathy and SEI 16
2.3. The moderation of gender in the linkage between empathy and SEI 18
3. RESULT ANALYSIS METHODS 21
3.1. Research Design 21
3.2. Sampling 22
3.2.1. Data collection 22
3.2.2. Target respondents 23
3.2.3. General information about participants 23
3.3. Measurement 25
3.4. Data Analysis 26
4. RESEARCH RESULT 28
4.1. Descriptive Analysis 28
4.2. Common method bias and multi-collinearity 29
4.3. Measurement model assessment 30
4.4. Structural model assessment 33
4.4.1. Mediation Effect 33
4.4.2. Moderation Effect 36
4.5. Discussion 37
5. SUGGESTION AND CONCLUSION 43
5.1. Contribution 43
5.2. Implications 44
5.2.1. Practical implications 44
5.2.2. Managerial implications 46
5.3. Limitation and future research direction 49
5.4. Conclusion 50
REFERENCE 52

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