Responsive image
博碩士論文 etd-0512123-110607 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0512123-110607
論文名稱
Title
Nike如何運用企業社會宣傳、代言人策略以及品牌形象來達成30週年活動的成功
How did Nike make the 30th-anniversary campaign 'Crazy Dreams' starring Colin Kaepernick a success through their CSA strategy, spokesperson strategy, and brand image?
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
58
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2023-06-08
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2023-06-12
關鍵字
Keywords
企業社會宣傳、代言人、品牌形象、消費者購買意願、情緒式品牌行銷
Corporate Social Advocacy, endorser, brand image, customer purchase intention, emotional branding
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 75 次,被下載 5
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 75 times, has been downloaded 5 times.
中文摘要
本研究旨在分析Nike在由Colin Kaepernick為廣告代言人的30周年紀念活動中取得成功的原因,Colin Kaepernick是美國橄欖球聯盟的一名球員,他拒絕在美國國歌期間下跪,並以此來抗議美國的警察暴力和種族不平等。研究問題是Nike的企業社會宣傳(CSA)戰略、代言人戰略和品牌形象是如何促進和積極影響30周年活動的成功。研究採用了概念性研究。基於這個框架,收集了網上資源和現有文獻。然後,作者利用這些資源分析與找到關聯,並且提供了個人意見和見解。研究發現,Nike對其CSA戰略的一貫做法和態度使其30周年紀念活動和廣告具有說服力。此外,Nike的代言人戰略側重於尋找符合其CSA和品牌形象的名人。他們成功的關鍵點在於這三種策略的出色協調,這使得他們的活動具有真實性和說服力。
Abstract
The present research aims to analyze the reason for Nike’s success in their 30th-anniversary campaign starring Colin Kaepernick, a player of the National Football League who refused to knee during the American anthem and used it as a protest against the police brutality and racial inequality in the United States. The research questions are how Nike's Corporate Social Advocacy (CSA) strategy, spokesperson strategy, and brand image contributed to and positively influenced the success of Nike's 30th-anniversary campaign. The research adopts conceptual research. Based on this framework, online resources and existing literature were gathered. The author then used these resources to discover the connections and provided personal opinions and insights. The study found that Nike's consistent approach and attitude to their CSA strategy made their 30th-anniversary campaign and commercial persuasive. In addition, Nike's spokesperson strategy focused on finding celebrities that fit their CSA and brand image. The key point of their success was the excellent coordination of these three strategies, which made their campaigns authentic and persuasive.
目次 Table of Contents
論文審定書...i
中文摘要...ii
Abstract...iii
Chapter 1 Introduction...1
1.1 Background and Motivation...1
1.2 Research Purpose...2
Chapter 2 Literature Review...3
2.1 Corporate Social Advocacy (CSA)...3
2.2 Spokesperson...6
2.3 Brand Image...9
Chapter 3 Research Methodology...13
3.1 Conceptual Research...13
Chapter 4 Analysis...15
4.1 Introduction of Nike’s 30th-Anniversary Campaign...15
4.2 Nike’s 30th-anniversary campaign and their CSA strategy...19
4.3 Nike’s 30th-anniversary campaign and their spokesperson strategy...25
4.4 Nike’s 30th-anniversary campaign and their brand image...29
Chapter 5 Discussion and Suggestions...34
5.1 Implementation...34
5.2 Limitation...35
5.3 Conclusion...36
References...39

參考文獻 References
Amos, C., Holmes, G., & Strutton, D. (2008). Exploring the relationship between celebrity endorser effects and advertising effectiveness. International Journal of Advertising, 27(2), 209–234.

Anderson, M. (2016, August 15). 3. The hashtag #BlackLivesMatter emerges: Social activism on Twitter. Pew Research Center: Internet, Science & Tech. https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2016/08/15/the-hashtag-blacklivesmatter-

Baker, M. J., & Churchill, G. A. (1977). The Impact of Physically Attractive Models on Advertising Evaluations. Journal of Marketing Research, 14(4), 538–555. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151194

Beer, J. (2021, July 14). How Nike made taking a stand on social issues part of its marketing. Fast Company. https://www.fastcompany.com/90655319/how-nike-made-taking-a-stand-on-social-issues-part-of-its-marketing

Chao, P., Wührer, G., & Werani, T. (2005). Celebrity and foreign brand name as moderators of country-of-origin effects. International Journal of Advertising, 24(2), 173–192. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2005.11072913

Charbonneau, J., & Garland, R. (2005). Celebrity or athlete? New Zealand advertising practitioners’ views on their use as endorsers. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 7(1), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijsms-07-01-2005-b006

Coombs, W. T., & Holladay, S. J. (2012). Managing corporate social responsibility : a communication approach. Wiley-Blackwell.

Dodd , M. D., & Supa, D. W. (2014). Conceptualizing and Measuring “Corporate Social Advocacy” Communication: Examining the Impact on Corporate Financial Performance. Public Relations Journal. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Melissa-

Dodd/publication/281005635_Conceptualizing_and_Measuring_Corporate_Social_Advocacy_Communication_Examining_the_Impact_on_Corporate_Financial_Performance/links/55d0dedb08aee19936fda2a8/Conceptualizing-and-Measuring-Corporate-Social-Advocacy-Communication-Examining-the-Impact-on-Corporate-Financial-Performance.pdf

Dodd, M. (2018). Globalization, Pluralization, and Erosion: The Impact of Shifting Societal Expectations for Advocacy and Public Good. The Journal of Public Interest Communications, 2(2), 221. https://doi.org/10.32473/jpic.v2.i2.p221

Dodd, M. D., & Supa, D. (2015). Testing the Viability of Corporate Social Advocacy as a Predictor of Purchase Intention. Communication Research Reports, 32(4), 287–293. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2015.1089853

Erdogan, B. Z. (1999). Celebrity Endorsement: A Literature Review. Journal of Marketing Management, 15(4), 291–314. https://doi.org/10.1362/026725799784870379

Esch, F., Langner, T., Schmitt, B. H., & Geus, P. (2006). Are brands forever? How brand knowledge and relationships affect current and future purchases. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 15(2), 98–105. https://doi.org/10.1108/10610420610658938

Faircloth, J. B., Capella, L. M., & Alford, B. L. (2001). The Effect of Brand Attitude and Brand Image on Brand Equity. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 9(3), 61–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.2001.11501897

Febrian, A., & Fadly, M. (2021). BRAND TRUST AS CELEBRITY ENDORSER MARKETING MODERATOR’S ROLE. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 19(1), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2021.019.01.19

Fuhrman, Z. (2008, October 24). A History Of African-American Athletes. Bleacher Report. https://bleacherreport.com/articles/73113-a-history-of-african-

Gerke, N., Moberg, A., & Tilemo, I. (2019). 30 YEARS OF JUST DO IT, ARE THEY CRAZY ENOUGH? En kvalitativ semiotisk och retorisk analys av Nikes Just Do It- kampanj Dream Crazy. JMG – INSTITUTIONEN FÖR JOURNALISTIK, MEDIER OCH KOMMUNIKATION.

Hassan, M. (2022, August 27). Conceptual Framework - Types, Examples, Tips. Research Method. https://researchmethod.net/conceptual-framework/

Herbig, P., & Milewicz, J. (1995). The relationship of reputation and credibility to brand success. Journal of Consumer Marketing. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 12(4). https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A17440654/AONE?u=anon~8b616aa6&sid=googleScholar&xid=ec7b4a18

Intravia, J., Piquero, A. R., Leeper Piquero, N., & Byers, B. (2019). “Just Do It? An Examination of Race on Attitudes Associated with Nike’s Advertisement Featuring Colin Kaepernick.” Deviant Behavior, 41(10), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639625.2019.1604299

Jevons, C., Gabbott, M., & de Chernatony, L. (2005). Customer and brand manager perspectives on brand relationships: a conceptual framework. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 14(5), 300–309. https://doi.org/10.1108/10610420510616331

Jones, G. R., & George, J. M. (1998). The Experience and Evolution of Trust: Implications for Cooperation and Teamwork. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 531–546. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1998.926625

Kahle, L. R., & Homer, P. M. (1985). Physical Attractiveness of the Celebrity Endorser: A Social Adaptation Perspective. Journal of Consumer Research, 11(4), 954–961. https://doi.org/10.1086/209029

Kaufman, P., & Wolff, E. A. (2010). Playing and Protesting: Sport as a Vehicle for Social Change. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 34(2), 154–175. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723509360218

Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Managing Customer-Based Brand Equity. Journal of Marketing, 57(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252054

Keller, K. L. (2013). Strategic Brand Management : Building, Measuring and Managing Brand Equity (4th ed.). Pearson.

Kim, J. K., Overton, H., Alharbi, K., Carter, J., & Bhalla, N. (2020). Examining the determinants of consumer support for corporate social advocacy. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/ccij-04-2022-0043

Kim, J. K., Overton, H., Bhalla, N., & Li, J.-Y. (2019). Nike, Colin Kaepernick, and the politicization of sports: Examining perceived organizational motives and public responses. Public Relations Review, 46(2), 101856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2019.101856

Kotler, P. (2000). Marketing Management. Prentice Hall. http://lms.aambc.edu.et:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/62/Marketing%20Management%20%20Kotler-Millenium%20Edition-%20Text%20Book.pdf?sequence=1

Lassar, W., Mittal, B., & Sharma, A. (1995). Measuring customer‐based brand equity. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 12(4), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363769510095270

Leduc, J. (2022). Kneeling for justice: A study on how the 30th anniversary of the nike “just do it” campaign staring colin kaepernick was portrayed by the media.

Lin, C.-L., & Yeh, J.-T. (2009). Comparing Society’s Awareness of Women: Media-Portrayed Idealized Images and Physical Attractiveness. Journal of Business Ethics, 90(1), 61–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-009-0026-z

Loureiro, S. M. C., & Sarmento, E. M. (2019). Exploring the Determinants of Instagram as a Social Network for Online Consumer-Brand Relationship. Journal of Promotion Management, 25(3), 354–366. https://doi.org/10.1080/10496491.2019.1557814

Maqbool, A. (2020, July 10). How BLM went from Facebook post to global movement. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-53273381

Margolis, J. D., Elfenbein, H. A., & Walsh, J. P. (2009). Does it Pay to Be Good...And Does it Matter? A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship between Corporate Social and Financial Performance. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1866371

Martin, S., & McHendry, Jr., G. F. (2016). Kaepernick’s Stand: Patriotism, Protest, and Professional Sports. Journal of Contemporary Rhetoric, Vol. 6(3), pp. 88-98.

Martínez, P., Pérez, A., & del Bosque, I. R. (2014). CSR influence on hotel brand image and loyalty. Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, 27(2), 267–283. https://doi.org/10.1108/arla-12-2013-0190

McCracken, G. (1989). Who is the Celebrity Endorser? Cultural Foundations of the Endorsement Process. Journal of Consumer Research, 16(3), 310–321.

McIvor, D. W. (2016). Mourning in America: Race and the Politics of Loss. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Milewicz, J., & Herbig, P. (1994). Evaluating the Brand Extension Decision Using a Model of Reputation Building. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 3(1), 39–47. https://doi.org/10.1108/10610429410053077

Montez de Oca, J., & Suh, S. C. (2019). Ethics of patriotism: NFL players’ protests against police violence. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 101269021882521. https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690218825210

O’Cass, A., & Lim, K. (2002). The Influence of Brand Associations on Brand Preference and Purchase Intention. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 14(2-3), 41–71. https://doi.org/10.1300/j046v14n02_03

Osei-Frimpong, K., Donkor, G., & Owusu-Frimpong, N. (2019). The Impact of Celebrity Endorsement on Consumer Purchase Intention: An Emerging Market Perspective. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 27(1), 103–121.

Parcha, J. M., & Kingsley Westerman, C. Y. (2020). How Corporate Social Advocacy Affects Attitude Change Toward Controversial Social Issues. Management Communication Quarterly, 34(3), 350–383. https://doi.org/10.1177/0893318920912196

Park, C. W., Jaworski, B. J., & Maclnnis, D. J. (1986). Strategic Brand Concept-Image Management. Journal of Marketing, 50(4), 135. https://doi.org/10.2307/1251291

Park, D.-J., & Berger, B. K. (2004). The Presentation of CEOs in the Press, 1990-2000: Increasing Salience, Positive Valence, and a Focus on Competency and Personal Dimensions of Image. Journal of Public Relations Research, 16(1), 93–125. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532754xjprr1601_4

Pérez-Villarreal, H. H., Martínez-Ruiz, M. P., & Izquierdo-Yusta, A. (2019). Testing Model of Purchase Intention for Fast Food in Mexico: How do Consumers React to Food Values, Positive Anticipated Emotions, Attitude toward the Brand, and Attitude toward Eating Hamburgers? Foods, 8(9), 369. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8090369

Pradhan, D., Duraipandian, I., & Sethi, D. (2014). Celebrity endorsement: How celebrity–brand–user personality congruence affects brand attitude and purchase intention. Journal of Marketing Communications, 22(5), 456–473. https://doi.org/10.1080/13527266.2014.914561

Reichert, T., Heckler, S. E., & Jackson, S. (2001). The Effects of Sexual Social Marketing Appeals on Cognitive Processing and Persuasion. Journal of Advertising, 30(1), 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2001.10673628

Richardson, P. S., Dick, A. S., & Jain, A. K. (1994). Extrinsic and Intrinsic Cue Effects on Perceptions of Store Brand Quality. Journal of Marketing, 58(4), 28–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299405800403

Rindell, A., & Iglesias, O. (2014). Context and time in brand image constructions. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 27(5), 756–768. https://doi.org/10.1108/jocm-09-2014-0172

Rini, E. S., & Astuti, D. W. (2012). PENGARUH AGNES MONICA SEBAGAI CELEBRITY ENDORSER TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN BRAND IMAGE HONDA VARIO. BISMA: Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 6(1). https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/BISMA/article/view/45

Rook, D. W. (1985). The Ritual Dimension of Consumer Behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 12(3), 251. https://doi.org/10.1086/208514

Roy, S. (2016). Meaning transfer in celebrity endorsements: an explanation using metaphors. Journal of Marketing Communications, 24(8), 843–862. https://doi.org/10.1080/13527266.2016.1197294

Schmidt, S. H., Frederick, E. L., Pegoraro, A., & Spencer, T. C. (2018). An Analysis of Colin Kaepernick, Megan Rapinoe, and the National Anthem Protests. Communication & Sport, 7(5), 216747951879362. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167479518793625

Schmidt, S., Shreffler, M., Hambrick, M., & Gordon, B. (2018). An Experimental Examination of Activist Type and Effort on Brand Image and Purchase Intentions. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 27(1). https://doi.org/10.32731/smq.271.032018.03

Schmittel, A., & Sanderson, J. (2014). Talking About Trayvon in 140 Characters. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 39(4), 332–345. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723514557821

Serazio, M., & Thorson, E. (2019). Weaponized Patriotism and Racial Subtext in Kaepernick’s Aftermath: The Anti-politics of American Sports Fandom. Television & New Media, 21(2), 152747641987991. https://doi.org/10.1177/1527476419879917

Shapiro, C. (1983). Premiums for High Quality Products as Returns to Reputations. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 98(4), 659. https://doi.org/10.2307/1881782

Snyder, B. (2019, March 6). Nike cofounder: Why I approved the controversial Colin Kaepernick ad. Fast Company. https://www.fastcompany.com/90314699/nike-cofounder-why-i-approved-the-controversial-colin-kaepernick-ad

Spry, A., Pappu, R., & Bettina Cornwell, T. (2011). Celebrity endorsement, brand credibility and brand equity. European Journal of Marketing, 45(6), 882–909. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090561111119958

Till, B. D., & Busler, M. (2000). The Match-Up Hypothesis: Physical Attractiveness, Expertise, and the Role of Fit on Brand Attitude, Purchase Intent and Brand Beliefs. Journal of Advertising, 29(3), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2000.10673613

Updegrove, A. H., Cooper, M. N., Orrick, E. A., & Piquero, A. R. (2018). Red States and Black Lives: Applying the Racial Threat Hypothesis to the Black Lives Matter Movement. Justice Quarterly, 37(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/07418825.2018.1516797

Veloutsou, C., & Moutinho, L. (2009). Brand relationships through brand reputation and brand tribalism. Journal of Business Research, 62(3), 314–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.05.010

Vera, A. (2019, September 16). Nike ad features Colin Kaepernick. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/15/entertainment/nike-ad-emmy-win-trnd/index.html

Waymer, D., & Logan, N. (2021). Corporate social advocacy as engagement: Nike’s social justice communication. Public Relations Review, 47(1), 102005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.102005

Yoo, J., Brown, J., & Chung, A. (2018). Collaborative Touchdown with #Kaepernick and #BLM: Sentiment Analysis of Tweets Expressing Colin Kaepernick’s Refusal to Stand during the National Anthem and Its Association with #BLM. Journal of Sports Media, 13(2), 39–60. https://doi.org/10.1353/jsm.2018.0008

Youn, S. (2018, December 22). Nike sales booming after Colin Kaepernick ad, invalidating critics. ABC News. https://abcnews.go.com/Business/nike-sales-booming-kaepernick-ad-invalidating-critics/story?id=59957137#:~:text=30.

Zeithaml, V. A. (1988). Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality, and Value: a Means-End Model and Synthesis of Evidence. Journal of Marketing, 52(3), 2–22.

Zhou, N., & Belk, R. W. (2004). CHINESE CONSUMER READINGS OF GLOBAL AND LOCAL ADVERTISING APPEALS. Journal of Advertising, 33(3), 63–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2004.10639169
電子全文 Fulltext
本電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。
論文使用權限 Thesis access permission:校內校外完全公開 unrestricted
開放時間 Available:
校內 Campus: 已公開 available
校外 Off-campus: 已公開 available


紙本論文 Printed copies
紙本論文的公開資訊在102學年度以後相對較為完整。如果需要查詢101學年度以前的紙本論文公開資訊,請聯繫圖資處紙本論文服務櫃台。如有不便之處敬請見諒。
開放時間 available 已公開 available

QR Code