近年來，由於工作型態的轉變，在工作場域裡獨處工作的模式逐漸興起。工作中獨處除了能夠帶來好處外，也會造成負面影響。然而，過去研究在結合理論基礎方面，尚存一些不完善之處，並未全面闡明工作中獨處可能帶來的複雜後果。故本研究以自我決定理論作為理論框架，同時探討工作中獨處所帶來的正面與負面路徑，並納入自主需求滿足與工作孤獨感為中介變數，亦加入情境變數 (即：辦公室環境互動性) 以釐清其干擾效果，檢視辦公室環境的互動程度高低，是否會影響員工在工作獨處時經歷到的正向或負向經驗。
本研究運用經驗抽樣法 (experience sampling method) ，以229位上班時間獨自一人在辦公室進行辦公，又或是身處辦公室但缺乏與他人的社交互動之全職工作者為樣本，進行連續十個工作日的樣本搜集，並將連續十天的下班資料與隔日下班資料進行配對，總計為2003筆有效樣本。根據研究結果可知： (1) 每日工作獨處會藉由正向預測自主需求滿足、進而正向預測每日創造力，且辦公室環境互動性較高時，自主需求滿足此一正向路徑的間接效果將會增強； (2) 每日工作獨處將透過正向預測工作孤獨感、進而正向預測網路閒逛行為，且當辦公室互動性較高時，則可以緩和孤獨感路徑的正向間接效果。本研究提供組織和個人在面對工作中獨處時有實踐和理論上的啟示，並針對辦公室環境領域做出相關貢獻。

In recent years, due to the changing nature of work, the trend of working solitude in the workplace has gradually emerged. While working solitude can bring benefits, it can also have negative impacts. However, previous research has been limited in integrating theoretical frameworks and has not fully elucidated the complex consequences of working solitude in the workplace. Therefore, this study adopts Self-Determination Theory as the theoretical framework to explore both the positive and negative pathways of working solitude, incorporating autonomous needs satisfaction and work loneliness as mediating variables. Additionally, situational variables (i.e., office environment interactivity) are included to clarify their moderating effects and examine whether the level of office environment interaction influences the positive or negative experiences employees encounter when working solitude.
In this study, an experience sampling method was used to collect data from a sample of 229 full-time employees who either worked alone in the office or in other settings, or lacked social interaction with others while in the office. Data collection was carried out for ten consecutive workdays, and the end-of-day data from each day were paired with the next day's end-of-day data, resulting in a total of 2003 matched daily responses. The research findings indicate that: (1) Daily solitude at work positively predict autonomy need satisfaction, which further positively predicts daily creativity. In addition, high level of office environment interactivity can strengthen this positive indirect effect; (2) Daily solitude at work positively predict workplace loneliness, which further positively predicts cyberloafing behavior. However, high level of office environment interactivity can attenuate this positive indirect effect. Overall, this study offers practical and theoretical insights for organizations and individuals facing the challenge of daily solitude at work and contributes to the field of physical work environment research.

目錄
論文審定書 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖次 v
表次 v
第一章、緒論 1
第二章、文獻探討 5
第一節 工作中獨處：定義、概念釐清與既有發現 5
第二節 工作中獨處究竟是利是弊？自我決定與基本需求滿足理論的觀點 6
(一) 工作中獨處、自主需求滿足與每日創造力的關係 6
(二) 工作中獨處、工作孤獨感與每日網路閒逛行為的關係 9
第三節 每日工作獨處、自主需求滿足與每日創造力的關係：
辦公室環境互動性的干擾式中介效果 11
第四節 每日工作獨處、工作孤獨感與網路閒逛行為的關係：
辦公室環境互動性的干擾式中介效果 13
第三章、研究方法 15
第一節 研究對象與施測程序 15
第二節 研究工具與測量方法 16
(一) 每日工作獨處 16
(二) 自主需求滿足 17
(三) 工作孤獨感 17
(四) 創造力 17
(五) 網路閒逛行為 17
(六) 辦公室環境互動性 18
(七) 控制變數 18
第三節 資料分析方法 19
第四章、研究結果 20
第一節 敘述性統計和相關係數 20
第二節 驗證性因素分析 21
第三節 假設檢定 22
第四節 補充分析 26
第五章、討論與建議 27
第一節 研究發現與理論意涵 27
第二節 管理意涵 29
第三節 研究限制與未來研究建議 29
參考文獻 31
附錄 39

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