在現今競爭激烈的企業環境中，正向工作行為扮演著關鍵角色，它體現了積極主動和專業負責的態度，能夠迅速應對市場的挑戰和變化，進一步提高競爭力。不論在個人層面或組織層面，正向工作行為都能幫助我們在激烈的競爭環境中脫穎而出。
本研究以悖論理論為基礎，探討主管悖論思維、員工之組織挫折和正向工作行為之間的關係，同時也檢視組織挫折的中介效果，以及員工應得權益感在主管悖論思維與組織挫折之間的調節效果。
本研究採用兩階段問卷調查方式，針對國內製造業、批發零售業和其他產業的員工，蒐集了400份有效問卷，並使用SPSS Statistics軟體進行信度分析、敘述性統計分析、相關分析和層級廻歸分析，同時，也使用AMOS結構方程模式軟體進行驗證性因素分析(CFA)。
根據分析結果，組織挫折在主管悖論思維與員工正向工作行為之間具有中介效果，意即當主管擁有較高的悖論思維時，將有效地降低部屬在組織中所面對的挫折感，進而增加其在組織中的正向工作行為。本研究最後也提出了實務意涵和未來研究建議，供企業組織和研究者參考。

In today's intense business competition, positive work behavior plays a crucial role as a key success factor. It embodies a proactive and professionally responsible attitude, enabling individuals and organizations to quickly respond to market challenges and changes, thereby enhancing competitiveness. Whether at the individual or organizational level, positive work behavior helps individuals stand out in a competitive environment.
The objective of this study is to investigate the mutual relationships among leaders’ paradox mindset, organizational frustration, and positive work behavior. Drawing on the paradox theory as the research foundation, the study examines the mediating effect of organizational frustration and leaders’ paradox mindset on positive work behavior, as well as the moderating effect of employee entitlement on the relationship between leaders’ paradox mindset and organizational frustration.
This study conducted a survey targeting domestic manufacturing, wholesale and retail industries, and other industries. A two-stage online questionnaire was used to collect 400 valid samples. The research methodology involved using SPSS Statistics software for reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. Additionally, AMOS software was utilized for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).
The analysis implies that when leaders exhibit higher levels of paradox mindset, it effectively reduces subordinates' experience of frustration and negative impact within the organization, thereby increasing positive work behavior.

論文審定書 i
誌 謝 ii
中文摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目 錄 v
圖 次 vi
表 次 vii
第一章　緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 3
第二章　文獻探討 5
第一節 悖論理論 5
第二節 變數介紹 6
第三節 假說推導 15
第三章　研究方法 20
第一節 研究架構 20
第二節 研究樣本 21
第三節 研究假說彙整 24
第四節 操作型定義與衡量方式 24
第五節 統計分析方法 29
第四章　實證結果分析 31
第一節 模型檢測 31
第二節 相關分析 32
第三節 層級廻歸分析 34
第五章　結論與建議 39
第一節 研究分析結果 40
第二節 研究意涵 42
第三節 研究限制與未來研究建議 44
參考文獻 45

一、 中文文獻
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