本研究使用2004年至2015年間在馬祖擱淺的22頭露脊鼠海豚(Neophocaen spp.) 樣本進行分析。我們測定它們肝臟、腎臟、肌肉和肺臟中的鎘 (Cd) 濃度，以了解它們生活環境中鎘的污染狀況。另外，我們還檢測了氮和碳的穩定同位素，以評估它們的營養階層和食物來源。根據露脊鼠海豚的生長和發育狀態，我們將樣本被分為「幼體和青少年」和「亞成體和成體」兩組。在這兩個年齡組中，δ15N的比值與體長之間分別呈現接近顯著的負相關和正相關，這意味著露脊鼠海豚在不同的生命階段存在著食物和營養階層的轉變。δ13C的比值與體長在兩個年齡組中均不相關，這表示不同年齡組中不存在離岸遷徙或底棲、遠海食源的轉變。我們也發現在這兩個年齡組中，腎臟、肝臟和肌肉中的鎘濃度都與體長呈現顯著或接近顯著的線性相關。鎘濃度在露脊鼠海豚幼體和青少年的時期會隨體長增加而降低，當個體達到亞成體階段時則會隨體長增加而增加。δ13C與肌肉中的鎘也被發現有顯著的負相關，這代表著較遠洋的食物來源會使肌肉中的鎘濃度上升。結合穩定碳氮同位素的結果和露脊鼠海豚的生長曲線，我們推論鎘在露脊鼠海豚中的生物累積趨勢是由於母源鎘轉移、生長稀釋和污染物累積所導致的。另外，馬祖水域的鎘污染狀況相對於中國沿岸其他地區較輕微，這可以從馬祖露脊鼠海豚組織中較低的鎘濃度得到佐證。綜合以上分析，年紀、環境污染與食物來源都會影響露脊鼠海豚體內鎘的濃度。

Twenty-two finless porpoises (Neophocaena spp.) stranded at Matsu collected from 2004 to 2015 were used in this study. We analysed the concentrations of cadmium (Cd) in their liver, kidney, muscle and lung to understand the Cd pollution status in their living environment. Nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes were also examined to assess their trophic level and diet source. Samples were divided into “calves and juveniles” and “subadults and adults” groups according to their growth and development status. δ15N ratios and body length were found to have near-significant negative and positive correlations in the two age groups, respectively, suggesting a diet and trophic level transition in different life stages. δ13C ratios, on the other hand, do not correlate with body length in either age group, indicating no off-shore migration or benthic/pelagic diet shift in different life stages. As for Cd levels, significant or near-significant linear correlations of Cd levels with body length were noted in the kidney, liver and muscle in both age groups. Cd levels decreased in earlier life stages and increased as the individual reached sub-adulthood. δ13C was also found to have a significant negative correlation with muscle Cd, which points to higher Cd accumulation in more pelagic diets. Along with the stable C, N isotopes and growth curve of the finless porpoise, we concluded that the Cd bioaccumulation pattern was influenced by maternal Cd transfer, growth dilution and pollutant accumulation. Moreover, the Cd pollution status in Matsu waters had been less severe than in other regions along the Chinese coast, and this could be validated in the lower tissue Cd levels in Matsu’s finless porpoises. To sum up, age, habitat pollution and diet source are all factors that influence Cd levels in the finless porpoise.

論文審定書………………………………………………………… i
中文摘要…………………………………………………………… ii
Abstract …………………………………………………………… iii
1. Introduction …………………………………………………… 1
1.1 Cadmium (Cd) Pollution …………………………………… 1
1.2 C, N Stable Isotope ………………………………………… 2
1.3 Finless Porpoises …………………………………………… 3
1.4 Maternal Transfer of Contaminants ………………………… 4
1.5 Aim of this Study …………………………………………… 5
2. Materials and Methods ………………………………………… 6
2.1 Data Collection and Sample Preparation …………………… 6
2.2 Cd Analysis ………………………………………………… 6
2.3 C, N Stable Isotope Analysis ……………………………… 7
2.4 Data Analysis ……………………………………………… 8
3. Results …………………………………………………………. 9
3.1 Sample Characteristics and Grouping ……………………… 9
3.2 C, N Stable Isotope ………………………………………… 10
3.3 Tissue Distribution of Cd ………………………………… 10
3.4 Cd Concentration and Body Length ……………………… 11
4. Discussion …………………………………………………… 12
4.1 The Habitat and Distribution of Finless Porpoise around Matsu … 12
4.2 Marine Cd Pollution Indicator……………………………… 12
4.3 Cd as an Ecological Tracer ………………………………… 14
4.4 δ15N Level Pattern ………………………………………… 15
4.5 Maternal Transfer, Growth Dilution and Cd Bioaccumulation …… 16
4.6 Conservation Implications ………………………………… 17
5. Conclusion ………………………………………………… 18
References………………………………………………………19
Figures ………………………………………………………… 26
Tables ………………………………………………………… 34

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