2002年台灣通過的《性別工作平等法》確保職場女性能在需要休息時，不須提供病假證明得使用一個月一天的生理假，然而立法多年並沒有太多文獻討論這項制度及其在職場使用的情況。現有研究指出女性傾向在經歷生理痛的情況下勉強出席工作(Presenteeism)，並發現員工選擇勉強出勤的因素涉及個人身體、心理社會、工作情境等層面。在這項研究中，我們調查了235位49歲以下的在職上班族女性，來了解職場女性使用生理假的情況及在生理期間不適而勉強出勤的普及程度。我們發現54%的受訪者會在生理期間感受中度至嚴重的經痛，半年內平均有10.46天都感受到生理期不適卻只使用0.98天的生理假。在使用量化分析檢測個人身體及工作相關因素，我們發現經痛程度、工作要求、社會支持與工作代理性皆會顯著影響勉強出勤的情況。然而，在工作要求和勉強出勤的關係上，社會支持作為調節項在此研究結果裡並沒發現無顯著效果。
此研究主要探究在立法生理假的環境下，生理期勉強出勤的普及情況，並點出職場上彈性政策及支持系統在改善生理期勉強出勤的必要性。

In 2002, Taiwan legislated the right to menstrual leave, allowing female employees to take one day off each month without needing to justify their menstrual condition. Despite this legislation, research on the utilization rate of menstrual leave and its workplace application is limited. Menstrual presenteeism, where employees work despite menstrual discomfort, is influenced by health, psychosocial, and work-related factors, leading to productivity loss.
This cross-sectional study (n=235) targeted Taiwanese female office workers under 49 years old to explore menstrual leave utilization and presenteeism. Results showed that 54% experienced moderate to severe menstrual pain and averaged 10.46 days of discomfort over the span of six months, yet only 0.98 days of menstrual leave were utilized.
Analysis revealed that period pain, job demands, social support, and ease of replaceability significantly influence presenteeism. However, the moderating effect of social support between job demands and menstrual presenteeism was not supported.
These findings highlight the prevalence of menstrual presenteeism in Taiwan and the need for more flexible workplace policies and support systems.

論文審訂書 i
中文摘要 ii
ABSTRACT iii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 5
2.1 The Prevalence and Impact of Menstrual Pain 5
2.2 The Effects of Work-Related Factors and Menstrual Presenteeism 7
2.3 The Job Demands and Resources Model (JD-R) 12
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD 15
3.1 Research Framework 15
3.2 Participants and Data Collection 16
3.3 Measurement 17
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS 24
4.1 Data Analysis Procedures 24
4.2 Reliability Test 27
4.3 Validity Test 27
4.4 Common Method Bias 28
4.5 Correlation Test 28
CHAPTER V RESULTS 30
5.1 Descriptive Statistics 30
5.2 Menstrual Leave Policies in Taiwan 32
5.3 Hypothesis Testing 37
5.4 Multiple Regression 41
5.5 Summary of Key Findings 42
CHAPTER VI DISCUSSION 44
6.1 Findings 44
6.4 Limitations of the Study 50
6.3 Suggestions for Future Research 51
6.5 Conclusion 52
REFERENCES 54
APPENDIX 58

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