本論文運用多變量分析方法了解金門海域的底棲軟骨魚類的群聚結構及物種多樣性，並研究鱝總目優勢物種的生活史特徵。本論文分析的生物樣本是由「水試二號」試驗船於2021年8月14及15日利用網板拖網和法式橫桿拖網在金門島東方海域(KM1)及西南方海域(KM2)所採獲，並以形態鑑種方式共記錄軟骨魚類6目7科9屬14種(總個體數719尾)。不同網具採獲之軟骨魚類組成具有明顯差異。KM1海域共採獲軟骨魚類464尾，物種數為5目6科8屬10種，生物質量63.62 kg，占該海域採獲魚類生物量之52%。KM1海域軟骨魚類豐度最高的前三物種是日本單鰭電鱝Narke japonica (48.9%)、斑紋琵琶鱝Rhinobatos hynnicephalus (28.7%)和湯氏黃點鯆Platyrhina tangi (11.9%)；單位面積生物量最高的前三物種分別是斑紋琵琶鱝(54.1%)、日本單鰭電鱝(13.7%)和湯氏黃點鯆(13.4%)。KM2海域共採獲軟骨魚類255尾，物種數為4目5科7屬10種，生物質量22.4 kg，占採獲魚類生物量之48%。KM2海域軟骨魚類豐度最高的前三物種是寬尾斜齒鯊Scoliodon laticaudus (71%)、斑紋琵琶鱝(13.3%)和條紋狗鯊hiloscyllium plagiosum (4.4%)；單位面積生物量最高的前三物種分別是寬尾斜齒鯊(26.5%)、斑紋琵琶鱝(19.7%)和菱燕魟Gymnura zonura (19.7%)。KM1及KM2的軟骨魚類夏農-維納指數分別為1.23與1.21，均勻度指數為0.56和0.52，兩海域差異小，但優勢物種組成具有差異。KM1海域是日本單鰭電鱝、斑紋琵琶鱝和湯氏黃點鯆的產卵場所，並且發現有性別隔離現象。日本單鰭電鱝的胎仔數與孕仔母魚體盤寬間沒有呈現強烈的線性關係，但仍有正相關之趨勢；胎仔數介於1至8尾，平均(±1SD)為3.69 (±1.92)尾。KM2海域有已懷孕的中華黃點鯆Platyrhina sinensis、斑紋琵琶鱝和尖嘴魟Telatrygon zugei，以及未成熟的鱝總目物種。綜上結果顯示夏季金門海域為上述優勢軟骨魚類的關鍵棲地(產卵場及育幼場)，建議持續投入優勢物種生活史研究，以建立完整的物種生活史資訊，用以擬訂保育策略。

This thesis aims to understand the community structure and diversity of demersal chondrichthyans in the coastal waters of Kinmen Island and the life history characteristics of dominant batoid species. The chondrichthyan specimens analyzed in this thesis were collected by both otter trawling and beam trawling onboard R/V Fishery Researcher 2 in two offshore areas (i.e., KM1 located off the east coast; KM2 located off the southwest coast) of Kinmen Island during a research expedition conducted on August 14th–15th, 2021. The obtained chondrichthyan specimens (n = 719) were morphologically identified as belonging to 14 species, 9 genera, 7 families, and 6 orders. The species composition of chondrichthyans obtained by otter trawling differed from that obtained by beam trawling. In KM1, the obtained chondrichthyan specimens (n = 464) were identified as belonging to 10 species, 8 genera, 6 families, and 5 orders with a biomass of 63.62 kg, accounting for 52% of the total biomass of fish catches (including bony fishes). The top three dominant chondrichthyan species by abundance in KM1 were Narke japonica (48.9%), Rhinobatos hynnicephalus (28.7%), and Platyrhina tangi (11.9%), whereas the top three dominant species by biomass were R. hynnicephalus (54.1%), N. japonica (13.7%), and P. tangi (13.4%). In KM2, a total of 255 chondrichthyan specimens were identified as belonging to 10 species, 7 genera, 5 families, 4 orders with a biomass of 22.4 kg, accounting for 48% of the total biomass of fish catches. The top three dominant species by abundance in KM2 were Scoliodon laticaudus (71%), R. hynnicephalus (13.3%), and Chiloscyllium plagiosum (4.4%), while the top three dominant species by biomass were S. laticaudus (26.5%), R. hynnicephalus (19.7%), and Gymnura zonura (19.7%). The Shannon-Wiener index (1.23) and Pielou’s evenness index (0.56) calculated for KM1 chondrichthyan community were close to the indices (1.21 & 0.52) calculated for KM2 chondrichthyan community; nonetheless, these two sampling areas demonstrated differences in dominant chondrichthyan species. Moreover, KM1 was found to be the spawning and nursery grounds for N. japonica, R. hynnicephalus, and P. tangi, and these species demonstrated sexual segregation. Additionally, the litter size for pregnant N. japonica ranged from 1 to 8 pups, with a mean (±1SD) of 3.69 (±1.9) pups. Furthermore, pregnant Platyrhina sinensis, R. hynnicephalus, and Telatrygon zugei and other immature batoid species were found in KM2. These results suggest that the study areas (KM1 & KM2) off Kinmen are the key habitat (i.e., spawning and nursery grounds) for those dominant chondrichthyan species presented above and that efforts on field research, particularly on the life history characteristics of dominant batoid species, should be continued to establish comprehensive information on species life histories, which can be used as a reference for formulating conservation strategies.

論文審定書 i
論文公開授權書 ii
誌謝 iii
中文摘要 iv
Abstract v
目錄 vii
圖次 ix
表次 xi
第一章、前言 1
1.1金門海域生態與環境概述 1
1.2軟骨魚類的生態保育意義 3
1.3研究動機與目的 4
第二章、材料與方法 6
2.1魚類樣本及水文水質資料來源 6
2.2種類鑑定及形質測量 6
2.3多樣性指數 7
2.4群聚結構分析 8
2.5生活史階段判定 10
第三章、結果 13
3.1水文環境 13
3.2 KM1及KM2軟骨魚類組成、豐度及單位面積生物量 13
3.3多樣性指數 14
3.4群聚分析 14
3.5鱝總目物種形質分析與生活史特徵 15
第四章、討論 18
4.1水文環境 18
4.2軟骨魚類的物種多樣性 18
4.3群聚結構 20
4.4鱝總目優勢物種的生活史特徵 20
4.5 IUCN全球紅皮書類別 24
4.6抽砂對海域生態環境影響 24
第五章、結論 26
參考文獻 27
附錄 68
附錄1、本研究軟骨魚類物種名錄 68
附錄2、均勻投影逼近法(UMAP)模型CODE碼 82

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