該研究填補了授權領導力（EL）和員工擁護行為（CB）研究的空白。 本研究以社會認知理論為基礎，分析了 EL 如何影響信息技術 (IT) 服務部門的 CB。 該論文認為，EL 和 CB 之間的關係是由對領導者的信任 (Tr) 和自我效能 (Se) 調節的。
為了檢驗假設，使用了定量研究方法。 一份基於現有量表的在線問卷被方便地分發給符合條件的參與者。 超過 230 名受訪者參與了這項研究。 隨後在 IBM SPSS Statistics 版本 28 中使用 Hayes Process Macro for Dual Mediation Analysis 處理和分析數據。
這項研究從經驗上證明，在 IT 服務部門的環境中，EL 與 CB 正相關。 Tr 和 Se 部分介導了 EL 如何確定 CB。 這意味著從 EL 到 CB 的一部分效果是通過 Tr 和 Se 傳遞的。 性別和工作類型（IT/非 IT）是對模型有顯著影響的控制變量。
這項研究通過將 EL 和 CB 聯繫起來為文獻做出貢獻。 它闡明了 EL 如何通過 Tr 和 Se 作為調節劑來改善 CB。
關鍵詞：賦予領導力、支持行為、對領導者的信任、自我效能、越南資訊服務業。
*This is the translation by Google Translate. My Chinese is not good enough. Thanks for understanding!  

The study fills the gap in research on empowering leadership (EL) and employees’ championing behavior (CB). Using social cognitive theory as a foundation, this study analyzes how EL influences CB in the Information Technology (IT) Service sector. The paper argues that the relationship between EL and CB is mediated by trust in leader (Tr) and self-efficacy (Se).
To test the hypotheses, quantitative research methodology was utilized. An online questionnaire built on existing scales were conveniently distributed to eligible participants. More than 230 respondents participated in this study. The data was subsequently processed and analyzed by using Hayes Process Macro for Dual Mediation Analysis in IBM SPSS Statistics version 28.
This study empirically demonstrated that EL was positively related to CB in the setting of IT service sector. Tr and Se partially mediated how CB was determined by EL. It means a part of effect from EL to CB is transmitted through Tr and Se. Sex and job type (IT/non-IT) are control variables that impact significantly on the model.
This study contributes to the literature by linking EL and CB. It clarifies how EL can improve CB via Tr and Se as moderators.
Keywords: Empowering leadership, Championing behavior, Trust in leader, Self-efficacy, Vietnamese IT service sector.

CONTENTS
THESIS VALIDATION LETTER i
摘要 ii
ABSTRACT iii
TABLE OF FIGURES vi
TABLE OF TABLES vii
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Research background 1
1.2 Theoretical framework and Research questions 4
1.3 Outline of the study 5
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW AND HYPOTHESES DEVELOPMENT 6
2.1 Empowering Leadership 6
2.2 Championing behavior 9
2.3 Trust in Leader 12
2.4 Self-Efficacy 15
2.5 Empowering leadership and Championing behavior 18
2.6 Self-efficacy as a mediator 20
2.7 Trust in leader as a mediator 21
CHAPTER 3: METHODS 25
3.1 Research sampling and Data Collection 25
3.2 Measurement and Questionnaire Design 26
3.3 Data analyses procedure 28
CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS 29
4.1 Descriptive Statistics 29
4.2 Reliability and Validity of the measurement 34
4.3 Hypothesis Testing 36
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS 42
5.1 Theoretical Implications 42
5.2 Practical Implications 44
5.3 Limitations and future research 46
REFERENCES 49
APPENDIX 1: MEASUREMENT SCALES 61
APPENDIX 2: QUESTIONNAIRE IN VIETNAMESE 63

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